Fertilization Techniques for Edible Fungi and Key Cultivation Points for Double-Head Broccoli in Greenhouses

I. Variety Selection: Success has already been achieved with varieties such as Youxiu and Luxiong 90.

II. Early Sowing: Since pinching causes a pause in growth, it may delay the harvest period by 8 to 10 days. This requires sowing about 6 days earlier so that harvesting can occur at the same time.

III. Pinching Method: To avoid affecting growth, apply 1 light fertilizer application 3 days before pinching, applying 0.5 kg of 45% compound fertilizer per 1/15 hectare of seedbed. Pinch when seedlings have 4 true leaves, leaving 2 true leaves, and cultivate 2 side branches per seedling, so that after transplanting each plant can form 2 heads. Pinching should be done on sunny days to prevent disease infection; according to seedling size, pinching should be carried out in batches. Other seedling management techniques are the same as conventional methods.

IV. Timely Removal of Shoots: To ensure double-head development, shoots must be removed promptly before the mid-growth stage. Remove shoots once from the seedbed before planting, and once each at 15 days and 30 days after planting.

V. Planting Density: Under double-head treatment conditions, as density increases, single-head weight shows a trend of significant decline, head diameter also becomes noticeably smaller, and head thickness becomes thinner. At a density of 2200 plants, single heads become very small and basically lose their commercial value. A double-head cultivation density of 1800 to 2000 plants per 1/15 hectare is relatively suitable.

VI. Fertilizer and Water Management: Under double-head treatment conditions, about 20% more fertilizer needs to be applied than in conventional cultivation, which can ensure good growth and development. Other fertilizer and water management practices are the same as conventional methods.

VII. Yield Increase Effect: Generally, the double-head rate can reach more than 90%, increasing the number of fresh-keeping heads by 700 to 900 per 1/15 hectare. The growth rate is about 80%, and at the same time the head color is better and the shape is round and neat, making it suitable for fresh-keeping export.

VIII. Application Prospects: Double-head cultivation increases a certain amount of labor cost in the two steps of pinching and shoot removal, and also increases a certain amount of fertilizer application, but it can save a certain amount of seed. The overall cost increase for production fields per 1/15 hectare is about 50 yuan, yet it can increase economic benefit by more than 600 yuan, with an input-output ratio reaching 1:1.2, thus having very significant economic value. However, for harvesting large heads, under the conditions of this experiment the increase in total yield is not obvious, and whether it has economic value still requires further study.