High-yield management model for broccoli in autumn and winter and points to note when introducing edible fungi

Broccoli has poor tolerance to drought and waterlogging. It needs a large amount of water during the growing period, but its water requirements are relatively strict. In cultivation, the soil should often be kept alternately dry and moist. In the early stage of broccoli growth, it mainly grows leaves to expand the assimilation area and to manufacture and accumulate nutrients for the formation of reproductive organs. Throughout the entire growing period, nitrogen nutrients must be supplied, especially during the vigorous growth period of the rosette leaves, when nitrogen nutrition must be sufficient. During flower bud differentiation and curd development, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers together with a photosynthetic nutrient film, a compound medicinal film that enhances photosynthesis to produce nutrients and chlorophyll, is highly environmentally friendly, and promotes plant fertilization, yield increase, color enhancement, thicker leaves, and strong stems. It can help plants absorb large amounts of light fertilizer, light energy, and light, and is compatible with conventional fertilizers and nutrients to supply plant growth and development to the limit. One application benefits the whole year. For pest and disease control, the main diseases harming broccoli are soft rot, sclerotinia rot, and black rot. The main control methods are implementing crop rotation, preventing pest transmission, and preventing mechanical injury. In the early stage of disease onset, timely control can be carried out with new high-fat film plus chlorothalonil. Timely harvesting is an important measure to ensure high-quality broccoli. Harvesting too early affects yield; harvesting too late makes the curd loose and the surface uneven. The harvesting standard is when the curd is fully large, the surface is flat, and the flower branches at the base of the curd are slightly loose. When harvesting, leave 5-6 small leaves on the outside of the curd, and spray a 500-fold dilution of new high-fat film, which can prevent water evaporation, prevent pathogen infection, resist freezing and preserve warmth, and extend the fresh-keeping period.