What are the treatment methods for swine foot-and-mouth disease
Pig farming is a very common breeding project in China, with a very wide breeding area. However, some problems often arise during pig farming, and foot-and-mouth disease is one of them. Foot-and-mouth disease is very harmful to the growth of pigs. It not only affects the pigs' weight gain, but in severe cases can also lead to pig death. So what symptoms does swine foot-and-mouth disease have? How should it be prevented and treated? Let's take a look together below!
1. Onset symptoms
Swine foot-and-mouth disease harms the pigs' hooves and toes, and in some pigs it also harms the oral cavity. After the hooves are affected, blisters form on the affected areas, and their temperature rises rapidly. The whole body also shows very obvious differences from normal. The hooves turn red, and the blisters gradually rot. If prevention and treatment are not timely, the hoof shells may fall off. After onset, the sick pigs cannot walk normally and lie down for long periods. For some lactating sick pigs, ulcers appear on the udder, mouth and other parts. Piglets have relatively poor resistance, so after onset they may develop enteritis and other conditions that lead to death.
2. Transmission methods
The survival ability of foot-and-mouth disease pathogens is very strong. During the onset period of foot-and-mouth disease, various parts of the sick pigs and their feces may contain foot-and-mouth disease pathogens. Then the pathogens are expelled from the body along with the sick pigs' excrement, air and sweat, forming a source of transmission. The pathogens then spread through contact between pigs, and can also be spread by insects, mice and other carriers. In the most severe cases, the pathogens can also spread through the air, increasing the affected area. The higher the air humidity, the stronger the pathogens' ability to spread, but when the humidity is below 50%, they cannot spread.
3. Treatment methods
Immunization
Immunization is intended to improve the pigs' immunity and reduce the incidence of foot-and-mouth disease. At present, the main preventive agent for foot-and-mouth disease is oil-adjuvant inactivated vaccine, which has a relatively obvious therapeutic effect. When carrying out immunization work, an immunization plan should be made according to the year, breeding environment and so on. Then the vaccine, dosage and frequency should be selected well according to the local incidence situation. Normally, routine immunization work is about once every two years. If an outbreak occurs suddenly, the dosage and number of immunizations should be appropriately increased.
Strengthen management
During the breeding process, we must do a good job in management and cut off the transmission routes of foot-and-mouth disease pathogens. First, when selecting pigs, they must be selected from farms with no disease. The environment around the farm should be well controlled to avoid transmission by other animals, and the entry and exit of personnel and vehicles at the farm should be strictly controlled. Then the pig houses should be disinfected regularly to eliminate pathogens. Finally, the pigs' activities, feeding, feces and other conditions should be observed regularly. When abnormalities are found, the sick pigs should be isolated in time, and comprehensive and thorough disinfection work should be carried out. If the sick pigs are severely affected, they should be burned in time.
The above is a brief introduction to the treatment methods for swine foot-and-mouth disease. The epidemic diseases of pigs are very harmful. In addition to foot-and-mouth disease, diseases such as African swine fever also require our special attention. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only. Thank you for reading and supporting.