Introduction to Sika Deer Farming and Breeding Technology: Treatment of Does Licking the Anus of Fawns

I. Clinical Symptoms

The licked and injured fawn is listless and prefers to lie quietly in a corner; the hair around the anus shows signs of being licked or has symptoms of bleeding. In mild cases, the anus is red and swollen, ulcerated, and bleeding, accompanied by difficulty defecating; in severe cases, the anus is everted, the rectum prolapses or ruptures, and the tail is bitten off.

II. Treatment Plan

1. Local treatment Wash and disinfect the anus and the surrounding area. For milder injuries, apply iodine glycerin, sulfonamide ointment, or ichthammol ointment mixed with penicillin and streptomycin powder to the affected area. For more severe injuries, mix iodine tincture and compound sulfamethoxazole (powder) in a 1:2 ratio, together with cod liver oil, vaseline, or ichthammol ointment, stir well, and apply to the affected area. For cases with eversion of the anus, prolapse or rupture of the rectum, the tissue at the end of the rectum and the anal area must be sutured before applying anti-inflammatory ointment.

2. Systemic treatment For mild injuries, intramuscularly inject 800,000 to 1,600,000 units of penicillin and 4 to 8 mL of Antondine injection, twice daily for 3 consecutive days. For severe injuries, intravenously inject 200 to 300 mL of 5% glucose injection, 1,200,000 to 2,400,000 units of penicillin, and 2 mL of vitamin C injection, once daily for 3 consecutive days.

III. Preventive Measures

1. The following situations require isolation

Single-pen rearing If a fawn is found to have its anus licked, keep a doe with good maternal behavior (preferably the biological mother) together with the licked fawn in a small pen, and prevent other does from licking its anus or biting its tail.

Scheduled supervision of nursing For a fawn licked and injured by its mother, if it is relatively well tamed, isolate the injured fawn in a small pen, and each day at set times lead the mother doe in to nurse it; after nursing is finished, lead her out again.

Hand rearing If none of the above methods are suitable, use hand rearing. Specific method: boil fresh cow's milk, let it cool to warm (38-39°C), and then, according to the reference amount for hand rearing, feed the fawn with a nursing bottle or other container. Hand-reared fawns need measures to promote bowel movements.

2. The following situations do not require isolation

Applying Lysol In practice it has been found that the special odor of Lysol makes does avoid it. Taking advantage of this characteristic, apply 1% Lysol to the hair around the anus of the licked and injured fawn. Lysol is highly volatile; to maintain its odor, apply it once each morning and evening.

Wearing "underpants" Make a pair of underpants out of clean cloth and put them on the licked and injured fawn. When putting on the "underpants," pay attention to the following three aspects: first, prevent the "underpants" from shifting; second, choose cloth color close to the fawn's coat color or a dark color; third, replace the "underpants" in a timely manner and try to keep the affected area clean. After recovery, remove the "underpants."

The above two measures require timely measures to promote bowel movements in the licked and injured fawn; at the same time, observe whether the licked and injured fawn can suckle colostrum and whether it is being pawed or struck by the doe.

IV. Feeding and Management

The nutrition in the feed must be complete, especially from the early stage of fawning until before weaning; there must be no deficiency of salts, trace elements, vitamins, and so on. Promptly identify and isolate does with pica. Strengthen management, set up fawn protection pens before fawning, and maintain appropriate stocking density. During the fawning and nursing period, organize pen-watching personnel well so that problems are discovered promptly and measures are taken promptly. Does observed to have a long-standing vice of licking the anus and biting the tail for many years should be culled.

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