Application Methods of Biological Fermentation Products in Ruminant Farming

Abstract

Biological fermentation products can promote nutrient absorption and enhance body immunity by improving the balance of rumen and intestinal flora in ruminants, with the ultimate goal of gradually replacing antibiotics, thereby achieving health care and growth promotion effects and providing people with healthy and safe food.

Harm caused by the abuse of antibiotics:

Because the use of antibiotics in farming has obvious economic benefits, and given the poor health conditions of animals under current high-density large-scale farming, the farming industry has become relatively dependent on antibiotic use. In the early stage of China's farming industry, the abuse of antibiotics beyond limits and beyond approved varieties was widespread. This resulted in high antibiotic residue levels in farming products, seriously threatening food safety. The abuse of antibiotics in the farming industry has increased the difficulty of animal disease prevention and control, and has directly or indirectly harmed human health.

Therefore, many countries have enacted laws explicitly prohibiting the use of antibiotics in animal feed. At this point, farms urgently need an antibiotic substitute that can both safeguard animal health and pose no threat to human health, and biological fermentation products are undoubtedly the best choice.

With continuous research and understanding of biological fermentation products, their application in feed has attracted increasing attention from scholars both domestically and abroad. As a new type of active substance, biological fermentation products have been widely used in monogastric animal farming with remarkable effects. In recent years, a large number of research trials on biological fermentation products in cattle, sheep and other ruminants have been carried out, confirming their significant effects. The effects of biological fermentation products on ruminants are summarized as follows: regulating animal intestinal flora; inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria; promoting nutrient absorption; increasing body weight; enhancing immunity; reducing the diarrhea rate of lambs and calves, etc.

Biological fermentation products are mostly made by fermenting high-quality raw materials and are rich in large amounts of beneficial bacteria. In addition, the fermentation process produces large amounts of small-molecule rumen-bypass protein, amino acids, antimicrobial peptides, lysozyme, organic acids and other nutrients.

The application of biological fermentation products in ruminants is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

Promoting growth

High-quality nutrition is the foundation. For cattle and sheep, the utilization rate of rumen-bypass protein is 3-4 times higher than that of degraded protein, and the protein in fermentation products is rumen-bypass protein produced by natural biological fermentation, with a much higher absorption rate than artificially processed rumen-bypass protein, and without side effects. After passing through the rumen, fermentation products are directly absorbed and converted into animal protein, with fast conversion speed and low energy consumption. This achieves the effect of promoting rapid growth of cattle and sheep.

Safeguarding health

The antimicrobial peptides, bacteriocins, lysozyme and organic acids in fermentation products form a combined attack on intestinal pathogenic bacteria, effectively inhibiting and killing pathogenic bacteria and safeguarding intestinal health. In addition, antimicrobial peptides also have inhibitory and killing effects on viruses, fungi and some parasites, and can enhance humoral immunity and cellular immunity, improving the body's resistance. Crucially, these biological antibacterial substances do not produce drug resistance, and livestock products will not have drug residues.

Promoting digestion:

Various digestive enzymes produced by beneficial bacteria during fermentation, such as cellulase, amylase, protease, pectinase, etc., assist animals in the digestion of protein, fat, cellulose and hemicellulose in the diet, producing a positive impact and effectively improving feed conversion rate. Feed conversion rate is directly related to the weight gain of cattle and sheep, which shows that biological fermentation products can indirectly affect animal body weight gain by improving feed conversion rate. Experiments have shown that after adding biological fermentation products, the feed intake of cattle and sheep increases by 30%--50%. With increased feed intake plus good digestion and absorption, fermentation products can truly achieve the goal of promoting cattle and sheep to eat more and grow fast.

Normal rumination:

After biological fermentation products enter the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, they can regulate gastrointestinal function. They form a complex relationship with the gastrointestinal tract's own flora, including symbiosis, commensalism, competition or phagocytosis, thereby maintaining and adjusting the balance of the rumen internal environment. The ruminant rumen is a complex micro-ecosystem, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa and a small number of bacteriophages. Through long-term adaptation and selection, a micro-ecosystem of mutual dependence, mutual restraint and dynamic balance has formed between ruminants and rumen microorganisms. As a feed additive, biological fermentation products can improve the rumen internal environment, mainly including the following points: First, stabilizing rumen pH. Second, maintaining the ecological balance of rumen flora. Third, promoting the growth of rumen protozoa.

A large number of experiments have already proven that biological fermentation products are a new development trend in the farming industry and are the first choice for antibiotic-free farming and healthy fattening.

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