Can chemical fertilizers also be used as pesticides? Read on and you will understand
One of the biggest problems in agricultural production is the problem of pests, diseases and weeds. To prevent and control pests, diseases and weeds, pesticides are indispensable, and pesticides also have a certain toxicity, which affects both the environment and crops. So can chemical fertilizers be used as pesticides?
One of the biggest problems in agricultural production is the problem of pests, diseases and weeds. To prevent and control pests, diseases and weeds, pesticides are indispensable, and pesticides also have a certain toxicity, which affects both the environment and crops. So can chemical fertilizers be used as pesticides?
In fact, many fertilizers have killing and repellent effects on pests, and clever fertilization also serves to increase soil fertility and prevent pests. It is beneficial to human health, can prevent or reduce pest resistance to pesticides, and can also protect the natural enemies of pests, achieving multiple benefits at once.
Below, the editor will introduce several methods of using fertilizer instead of pesticide to control pests, for everyone's reference.
1. Phosphate fertilizer: Cotton bollworm is very sensitive to phosphorus during the egg-laying period and avoids it upon encountering phosphorus. If a 2% superphosphate solution is sprayed during the cotton bollworm egg-laying period, leaving 1 bed unsprayed every 5-6 beds, the cotton bollworms can be driven to lay eggs in a concentrated area, making it easier to eliminate them all at once.
2. Nitrogen fertilizer: Urea, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia water, these nitrogen fertilizers, are volatile and have a certain stimulating, corrosive and fumigating effect on pests. Using 250-800 grams of urea, plus 100 grams of washing powder, adding 150 kg of water and spraying can control pests such as red spiders and aphids. Spraying a 1% ammonium bicarbonate solution during the pest outbreak period, once every 5-6 days, for 2-3 consecutive times, has a clear effect on red spiders, yellow spiders, thrips, aphids and other pests with small bodies and weaker tolerance, with a general insect-killing rate of 80-90%. However, during use, the concentration must be strictly controlled, and it is essential to avoid too high a concentration that burns the crops.
3. Plant ash: namely the residual ash after burning firewood, fallen leaves, straw, rice husks, etc. It mainly contains calcium oxide and potassium carbonate and is alkaline. The plant ash used as a substitute for pesticide must be dry and not damp when used. Generally, use 10-15 kg of plant ash per mu, soak it in 50-75 kg of clean water, take it out and filter it after one day and night, and spray the filtrate, which can effectively control aphids. Using 20-30 kg of plant ash, applied in furrows or holes around the roots of vegetables and melons, has a very good effect on controlling root pests of onions, garlic, chives, melons and other vegetables.
4. Lime: In the rainy season, leafy vegetables in low-lying vegetable plots with higher ground temperatures are prone to damage by snails, and control with pesticides is generally ineffective. On a sunny day after the dew has dried, when the air humidity is relatively low, spread sifted dry fine lime powder on the soil surface between the vegetable rows. In this way, when snails crawl over the lime, powder sticks to their bodies, causing their soft bodies to dry out and die, with remarkable effect. On cloudy and rainy days, the lime powder easily forms larger clumps upon contact with water, loses its adhesion and becomes ineffective, so it should be applied on sunny days.
5. Green vitriol: Its chemical name is ferrous sulfate. For farm households lacking plant ash, 1 part of green vitriol can be mixed with 3000 parts of clean water. After it is fully dissolved, pour it around the roots or between the rows of crops such as onions, garlic and chives, which can effectively kill root maggots, with a control effect of more than 8%.
6. Silicon-calcium fertilizer: For crops such as corn and soybeans, applying 30-40 kg of silicon-calcium fertilizer per mu can avoid damage by corn borers and pod borers. For crops such as rice and wheat, applying 20-30 kg of silicon-calcium fertilizer per mu can greatly reduce damage by armyworms.
7. Mixed use of fertilizer and pesticide: Add 50% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate (at a concentration of 1%) to a 1% urea solution and spray it, which can kill red spiders harming citrus, cotton and flowers. Use 50 grams of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate and 250 grams of urea per mu, add 50 kg of water, and spray during the booting stage of rice, which can both control rice pests and promote increased rice yield. At the soybean seedling stage and early flowering stage, use 50 grams of ammonium molybdate and 50 kg of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate per mu, add 50 kg of water and spray, which can control molybdenum deficiency in soybeans and also control aphids and pod borers.
8. Others: Mix 1 part of fresh rabbit, sheep or cattle manure with 5 parts of clean water evenly, and pour it around the roots of crops such as peppers, eggplants, tomatoes, Chinese cabbage and yardlong beans on sunny days, which can effectively drive away soil pests such as cutworms, scarab beetles and mole crickets.