What are the green and eco-friendly fishery drugs? Introduction to several commonly used varieties

Quicklime, table salt, and the like, although not specialized fishery drugs, are effective for preventing and treating aquatic diseases, and they pose no threat to the environment, with no drug residue problems.

Quicklime: regularly splashing quicklime into the aquaculture water body can not only reduce the occurrence of many diseases, but also provide the calcium element essential for aquaculture organisms, which is especially important for crustacean aquaculture. Method of use: choose quicklime that has not weathered; for pond clearing and disinfection use 150-200 kg per mu; for disease prevention and treatment, generally 5-9, use once about every 20 days; for a water depth of 1 m use 15-20 kg per mu. Splashing quicklime and pond fertilization cannot be carried out at the same time; the interval is generally about 5 days; quicklime is not used at the same time as chlorine-containing disinfectants; generally only after 5 days of using chlorine-containing disinfectants and insecticides can quicklime be used; when the water body pH value is greater than 8, it is best not to use quicklime.

Tea seed cake, also called tea dregs or tea cake, is the by-product after oil extraction from the kernels of the oil tea fruit. Because it contains a hemolytic saponin, it will kill various wild trash fish, frog eggs, tadpoles, leeches, as well as snails, clams, mussels, and the like buried in the sludge. At the same time, tea seed cake is rich in protein and contains a small amount of fat as well as various nutrients such as multiple amino acids; using tea seed cake for pond clearing and disinfection has a protective effect on aquatic plants. During aquaculture, tea seed cake can prevent fish hemorrhagic disease, bacterial gill rot, red skin disease, enteritis, and other diseases and kill pathogens and parasites (eggs) on the fish body surface and fish gills, and can promote shell shedding in shrimp and crabs. Method of use: choose fresh, non-moldy block-shaped or crushed tea seed cake; when clearing the pond, soak it for 1 day and night and then splash the residue together with the liquid over the whole pond, using about 50 kg per mu; to prevent diseases of fish, shrimp, and crabs, from April to October, use 5 kg of tea seed cake per mu at a water depth of 1 m, treading it separately into the sludge around the pond and in the center.

Garlic and allicin: Garlic and allicin have effects such as killing insects and reducing food accumulation, detoxifying and relieving pain, promoting digestion, and sterilizing and stopping dysentery. They have varying degrees of inhibitory effect on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, various fungi, and certain viruses, and oral administration can promote intestinal peristalsis and enhance appetite. Method of use: mash fresh garlic and mix it into feed for feeding; add garlic at 1%-3% of the body weight of the feeding aquatic animals, or add allicin at 0.2%, and feed continuously for 4-6 days. Allicin can also be diluted with water and splashed over the whole pond, with the dosage being a water body drug concentration of 4-20 mg/L.

Table salt: at low concentration it stimulates the growth of pathogens, and at high concentration it can inhibit the growth of pathogens. It prevents and treats philometridosis, various parasitic diseases of the skin or gills caused by protozoan parasitism, as well as fungal diseases caused by water mold and certain bacterial diseases. Method of use: in aquaculture, mainly crude salt is used. A 2%-5% solution for soaking aquaculture animals for 15-20 minutes can prevent various parasites on the body surface and gills; the oral dosage is 25-50 g added per kg of feed. The length of soaking time depends on the water temperature and the tolerance of the fish. Frogs have poor tolerance to table salt, so caution is needed when using it.