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What is canine hyperadrenocorticism?

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Hyperadrenocorticism refers to excessive secretion of one or several adrenocortical hormones. Because hyperadrenocorticism dominated by excessive secretion of mineralocorticoids or sex hormones is rare, hyperadrenocorticism usually refers to excessive secretion of cortisol, a glucocorticoid, and is also called Cushing's-like syndrome or Cushing's-like disease. It is one of the most common endocrine diseases in dogs. It occurs more often in female dogs than in male dogs, and is more common in dogs aged 3 to 9 years. [Etiology] The main causes include pituitary-dependent factors such as pituitary tumors;

Hyperadrenocorticism refers to excessive secretion of one or several adrenocortical hormones. Because hyperadrenocorticism dominated by excessive secretion of mineralocorticoids or sex hormones is rare, hyperadrenocorticism usually refers to excessive secretion of cortisol, a glucocorticoid, and is also called Cushing's-like syndrome or Cushing's-like disease. It is one of the most common endocrine diseases in dogs. It occurs more often in female dogs than in male dogs, and is more common in dogs aged 3 to 9 years.

[Etiology] The main causes include pituitary-dependent factors such as pituitary tumors; ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion factors such as lymphosarcoma and bronchial carcinoma; and adrenal-dependent factors such as unilateral or bilateral adrenal adenocarcinoma or tumor.

[Symptoms] Polyuria, pendulous abdomen, bilateral hair loss. Hepatomegaly, polyphagia, muscle weakness, lethargy. Persistent deficits or superficial convulsions. Relative or absolute decrease in peripheral blood lymphocytes (<=1000/mm3).

[Treatment] The drug of choice is dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane, 50 mg/kg body weight, administered orally, and once weekly after obvious effect is achieved. After administration, some affected dogs show temporary symptoms such as decreased appetite, weakness, and dizziness; administering the drug in divided doses or with food can alleviate the adverse drug reactions. In addition, metyrapone, aminoglutethimide, and other drugs may also be selected. For cases confirmed by X-ray examination as adrenal cortical tumors, surgical resection should be performed.

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