Swine enzootic pneumonia causes great harm, and these prevention and control measures must be kept firmly in mind

Swine enzootic pneumonia is a serious swine infectious disease with high morbidity and low mortality that drives up costs and reduces profits in the @#@227@#@ industry. In China, for slaughter pigs of the same 100 kg, pigs infected with this disease suffer a loss of 119 yuan more than uninfected ones. Infection with Mycoplasma alone rarely causes death in pigs, but when other bacteria are also involved, it leads to a long course of disease, difficult treatment, reduced production levels, and possibly a certain mortality rate. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is present in the lungs of 80-90% of pigs, and more than 90% of pigs eventually develop swine enzootic pneumonia. Diseased pigs and pigs carrying Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae are the source of infection for this disease, and pigs of all breeds and ages can be infected. The disease spreads and becomes epidemic through the air, contact (such as suckling), and other routes.

Environmental factors also play an important role in respiratory tract infection in pigs. Poor ventilation often leads to poorer air quality and the accumulation of toxic and harmful gases, thereby increasing pigs' susceptibility to infectious agents and increasing the severity of infection. High concentrations of ammonia and overcrowding of pigs can cause stress responses in pigs and make the herd more sensitive to infectious agents. In addition, various stresses can lead to reduced resistance in pigs, also creating conditions for the outbreak and epidemic of swine enzootic pneumonia. Poor hygiene conditions and incomplete disinfection can cause continuous occurrence of swine enzootic pneumonia on the farm.

Clinical symptoms of swine enzootic pneumonia: most diseased pigs are characterized by non-productive dry cough, labored breathing, stunted growth, low mortality and high morbidity, and dyspnea, fever and overall reduced production performance can also be seen. Infected pigs usually show little change in appetite, but cannot achieve a normal weight gain rate. When secondary infection with other bacteria occurs, decreased appetite and poor development appear, with high fever or mucous moist cough, and this leads to an increased mortality rate.

For the prevention and control of swine enzootic pneumonia, comprehensive prevention and control measures must be adopted:

I. Environmental control and management

1 Establish a strict and effective hygiene management and disinfection system, select highly effective and non-toxic disinfectants to disinfect the pens and their surroundings, and carry out regular disinfection with pigs present (twice a week before 30 kg, once a week from 30-60 kg, once a month above 60 kg).

2 Implement an all-in, all-out feeding system, and achieve self-breeding and self-raising as much as possible.

3 Attach importance to air quality, strengthen ventilation and air exchange, and ensure the provision of an excellent living environment for the herd.

4 Ensure a reasonable stocking density for the herd.

5 Minimize the impact of various stresses on the herd.

6 When introducing breeding pigs, they should be strictly isolated and inspected for 3 months, and can only be introduced after confirming the absence of this disease.

II. Drug prevention and control

1 The most sensitive drugs are tylosin and lincomycin. Oxytetracycline and kanamycin also have a certain effect.

2 In drug prevention and control, use pulse medication: that is, administer a high concentration of the drug at one time so that the respiratory tract and lungs maintain a relatively high drug concentration, and maintain an effective concentration for a longer period.

3 Dosages of commonly used drugs:

Tylosin: (1) 1000 ppm in feed for continuous feeding for 3 weeks, (2) 10 mg/kg body weight, intramuscular injection, for three consecutive days.

Lincomycin: 200 ppm in feed for continuous feeding for 3 weeks.

4 Although antibiotic treatment can relieve symptoms, it cannot eradicate this disease, and it may still occur after drug withdrawal. Because it cannot restore the damaged ciliary structure and function, the emphasis should be placed on prevention, especially comprehensive preventive measures.

III. Immunization

1 All pigs, including breeding boars, breeding sows and newborn piglets, must be immunized.

2 Strictly follow the vaccine instructions for transportation, storage and use.

3 The use of antibacterial drugs is prohibited one week before and after immunization.

4 Use is prohibited 3-4 weeks before slaughter.