How to cultivate lilies? Detailed planting methods and techniques

Lilies belong to the Liliaceae family and are perennial herbaceous plants. Their varieties include Longya lily, willow-leaf lily, Tiegu lily, Suzhou lily, Yixing lily, and others, among which Yixing lily and Longya lily are of relatively better quality. 1. Fine soil preparation: choose a sandy loam field with good drainage, deep and fertile soil, and no continuous cropping of lilies for planting. Plow deeply and sun-dry the soil clods, and dig the inner and outer three ditches well. 2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer: generally apply 75 kg of cake fertilizer, 20 kg of potassium chloride, 50 kg of diammonium phosphate, or 50 kg of 45% Lexishi compound fertilizer per mu, and at the same time use 25 kg of carbofuran per mu to control underground pests. Note that the base fertilizer must not directly contact the lily seed bulbs, to prevent the seed bulbs from rotting. 3. Seed treatment: select lily bulbs each weighing about 100 grams, with tight scales, no rot, and clean white bulbs, gently separate the cloves, grade them into large, medium, and small, and then use them as seeds. The seeding rate per mu is 350-500 kg. Before sowing, use 200 grams of 50% carbendazim suspension concentrate plus 100 grams of 50% phoxim, add 25 kg of water, and soak the seeds for 15 minutes. 4. Timely planting: late September to early October is the best sowing period for lilies. Plant the seeds by large, medium, and small grades, with a row spacing of 18 cm, a plant spacing of 12 cm, and a planting depth of 5 cm, planting 25,000 plants per mu. 5. Topdressing and mulching with straw: around February 18 of the following year, cover with rice straw to keep warm and retain moisture. After emergence, there is no need to remove the straw layer. Before covering with straw, apply 20 kg of urea per mu; 2 days before topping, apply 25 kg of urea per mu; afterward, depending on the seedling condition, supplement with 10 kg of urea per mu to fill in yellow spots. 6. Other management: if plants with several stems are found at emergence, keep 1 strong stem and remove the rest, to prevent bulb splitting. Topping should be done promptly in mid-to-late May. When flower buds and bulbils appear from June to July, they must be removed as early as possible to prevent nutrient consumption and promote bulb enlargement. During summer high temperatures and little rain, replenish water promptly; if conditions permit, cover with shade netting, and replenish water promptly after topdressing to avoid burning the seedlings. Carry out manual weeding promptly. In autumn, when the aboveground part of the plant has completely withered and the bulbs are fully mature, they can be harvested.