Detailed Explanation of the Reproductive Organs and Physiological Characteristics of the Female Fox
The reproductive organs of the female fox consist of the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, vagina, and external reproductive organs (vulva). The external reproductive organs include the vestibule, labia, and clitoris.
The ovaries of the female fox are located at the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae, grayish-red; during estrus, the ovaries measure 2 cm in length and 1.5 cm in width; the oviducts are 5-7 cm long. The ovaries and oviducts are covered by adipose tissue. The cervix protrudes into the vagina. The vagina is 6-8 cm long, with its front end connected to the cervix and its rear portion adjoining the urogenital vestibule. The vestibule has two relatively well-developed protrusions; during mating, the vestibule is stimulated and contracts violently, the two protrusions swell, and together with the bulbous body of the male fox's penis, a copulatory tie (lock) occurs. The vulva of the female fox is round on top and pointed at the bottom, covered by pubic hair and not visible during the non-breeding season; during the breeding season (i.e., estrus), it undergoes obvious morphological changes.