Scientific and technological leadership brings high returns in silver carp farming

Grow-out fish (market-size commercial fish) farming is the ultimate goal and purpose of @#@233@#@ production. In recent years, although special aquatic product farming has become "hot" across the country, the traditional farming and consumption of silver carp and bighead carp remain bulk commodities, and the economic returns are still considerable. They have the advantages of small investment, quick results, easy operation, abundant seed sources, and mature production, and are very popular among fishermen. The production process and technical key points mainly use the intensive culture method of "water, seed, feed, density, polyculture, rotation, prevention, and management."

1. Pond conditions: area 0.3-1.4 hectares, clay or loam bottom soil is preferable, pond depth 3.5 m, effective water depth 2-3 m, close to an adequate power supply, good water quality, convenient water intake and drainage, full sunlight, and equipped with flood control and escape prevention facilities; a rectangular pond running east-west is ideal.

2. Fingerling stocking: fish can be stocked only after the pond has been cleaned and disinfected. Stock in the previous autumn or early spring of the current year; the size of silver carp and bighead carp should be above 14 cm or about 25 g. When polycultured with other fish, the ratio is silver carp 55%, bighead carp 10%, grass carp 15%, bream 10%, and common carp 10%. The ratio of silver carp to bighead carp can be 5:1 or 6.7:1. If silver carp and bighead carp are the main fish, the stocking rate per mu is silver carp 300 fish (cm size), bighead carp 50 fish (17 cm body length), grass carp 30 fish (0.4 kg each), common carp [number missing] fish (14 cm body length), totaling 430 fish, and the total yield per mu can reach more than 250 kg, with a profit per mu of about 500 yuan.

3. Feeding and fertilization: when feeding artificial bait, adhere to the methods of fixed time, fixed quality, fixed location, and fixed quantity; the feed includes soybean cake, soybean dregs, bran, and pellet feed, etc. Before stocking fingerlings, apply 300 kg of human or livestock manure per mu of water surface. Based on water fertility, decide whether to apply additional fertilizer more, less, or not at all. If chemical fertilizer is used, apply 1.5-2 kg of urea per mu each time after dissolving in water and splashing it on, or 4 kg of ammonia water. The monthly fertilization ratio is 35% in April-May, 45% in June-July, and 20% in August-September. Fertilization should adhere to the principles of observing weather, water quality, and fish conditions, and applying little but frequently. When the water is light green with 30 cm transparency, it indicates the water is lean and fertilizer should be applied or more fertilizer should be applied; when it is yellow-green or yellow-brown with 15-20 cm transparency, it indicates appropriate fertility and no fertilizer should be applied.

4. Daily management should be persistent: patrol the pond every morning and evening, and by observing the sky, water, and fish, study and grasp the information basis, and arrange production plans and operations. Monitor and regulate water quality and water volume. If lean water, diseased water, diseased fish, low oxygen, predators, leaks, floods, and other situations are found, treat them differently and solve them promptly and carefully. Also keep fish farming logs in a timely manner to facilitate summarizing experience, learning lessons, improving measures, developing measures, developing technology, and thereby increasing production and efficiency.