What are the causes of nutritional metabolic diseases in chickens

1. Insufficient intake of nutrients ①Insufficient supply in the diet; ②Lack of certain nutrients in the diet, such as protein (especially essential amino acids), fat, vitamins, and mineral trace elements; ③Insufficient intake of nutrients caused by loss of appetite.

2. Increased requirement for nutrients without timely supply, such as increased nutrient consumption in the body under pathological conditions. For example, nutritional metabolic diseases caused by febrile diseases, parasitic diseases, and diarrheal diseases.

3. Poor digestion and absorption of nutrients. Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, pancreas, etc. not only affect the absorption of nutrients but also affect their anabolic metabolism in the animal body. Poor feeding and management conditions are also predisposing causes of the disease.

4. Imbalance of nutrients. The relationships among nutrients in the body are complex. In addition to the special roles of each nutrient, they can also maintain balance among themselves through transformation, synergy, or antagonism: for example, the absorption of calcium and phosphorus requires vitamin D; too little phosphorus affects calcium deposition; too much calcium in the diet affects the absorption and utilization of copper, manganese, zinc, and magnesium. Insufficient selenium and sulfur-containing amino acids in the diet can cause vitamin E deficiency. Certain anti-nutritional factors in feed are also major causes affecting vitamin activity and absorption.

5. Changes in feed, feeding methods, and environment. Cages @#@230@#@ cannot obtain vitamin K from feces; in order to control coccidiosis, drugs are added to the diet, which affects the synthesis and absorption of certain vitamins such as vitamin K and B1. Therefore, when investigating nutritional deficiency diseases, attention must be paid not only to primary or absolute deficiencies but also to conditional or relative deficiencies.

6. Improper stacking, storage, processing, and preparation of feed cause certain nutrients, especially vitamins, to be destroyed, leading to nutritional deficiency diseases, such as feed being exposed to sunlight, rain, fermentation heat during stacking, or becoming rancid and deteriorated after long storage, or being processed and prepared under high-temperature conditions.