Detailed Explanation of High-Quality and High-Yield Cultivation Techniques for Lilies

I. Site Selection and Seed Selection

Lilies should not be continuously cropped; paddy fields under rice-dryland rotation need 1 rotation every 2-3 years, while dryland cropping needs 1 rotation every 4-5 years, and the previous crop should not be allium crops. For the soil, choose a sandy loam with higher terrain, deep soil layer, fertile soil, convenient drainage and drought resistance, and loose texture. For the seed bulbs, choose bulbs that are round and upright, with white scales that are tightly closed, and with only one scale bud and no pests or diseases.

II. Rational Planting

One month before planting, plow and sun the soil; the land should be deeply plowed to achieve level, clean, fine, and crumbly conditions, and made into small high beds 1 m-1.2 m wide, with the bed surface slightly arched like a turtle shell, and with bed furrows and main furrows opened well. When preparing the land, apply 50 kg of quicklime per 667 sq m to disinfect the soil. Use furrow drilling, with seed furrows 13 cm deep and row spacing x plant spacing of 30 cm x 20 cm. After sowing, cover the seed with fully fermented and decomposed barnyard manure (per 667 sq m, use 1000 kg of burnt soil ash, 250 kg of human feces and urine, 100 kg of rapeseed cake, and 100 kg of superphosphate, mixed and composted for more than 1 month), plus 4 kg-5 kg of 3% carbofuran and 1.5 kg of 50% dexon per 667 sq m, then apply 2500 kg of decomposed pig and cattle manure per 667 sq m between the plants. Then cover with soil to level the beds and add brushwood and grass for insulation.

III. Fine Management

Frequently clean the furrows and drain waterlogging to prevent the soil from becoming too dry and the soil temperature from becoming too high. In December, when the seedlings have not emerged, remove the covering, choose a sunny day to loosen the surface soil with a hoe, and apply 1000 kg of human feces and urine per 667 sq m; in March, together with intertillage, use 500 kg-1000 kg of human feces and urine per 667 sq m diluted with 10 times water to pour around the roots; in early April, open shallow furrows on both sides of the planting rows and apply 50 kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per 667 sq m as topdressing; in late May, during the bulb enlargement stage, apply 40 kg-50 kg of 45% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per 667 sq m. After the spring seedlings appear, keep only the strongest one and promptly remove the rest; when flower buds appear at 1-2 cm, promptly remove the buds.

IV. Pest and Disease Control

The main diseases of lilies include damping-off, gray mold, root rot, anthracnose, and so on. If disease occurs at the seedling stage, fungicides such as Bordeaux mixture (1:1:200), zineb, and procymidone can be sprayed or used to irrigate the soil. The main insect pests are aphids and mites; after they occur, promptly spray 1000-fold dichlorvos solution. Underground pests include white grubs, root mites, wireworms, and so on. From planting to before emergence, methyl isofenphos and phoxim granules can be mixed with fine soil and scattered into the soil; at the seedling stage, acephate and phoxim emulsion can be used to drench the roots for control.

V. Harvesting and Storage

Harvest on sunny days from Great Heat to Start of Autumn, and store immediately after harvest. The specific method is to use a dark indoor room or a basement, and build a burial pit with bricks or cement; first spread a layer of mud and sand about 2 cm thick at the bottom, then place one layer of bulbs and one layer of mud and sand, with the roots of the first layer of lilies facing down, the roots of the second layer facing up, and the roots of the third layer facing down again, arranged in order, and finally cover the top with a 15-20 cm thick layer of sand. In this way, they can be stored until the beginning of spring the following year.