What drugs are used to treat infectious respiratory diseases in pigs

Infectious respiratory diseases in pigs are common diseases in @#@227@#@ production, with rhinitis and pneumonia being the most common, and the shared symptoms are coughing, sneezing, and difficulty breathing. Pigs of different ages and breeds can all be infected, and the infection spreads quickly and affects large numbers.

Infectious respiratory diseases in pigs have the following characteristics: First, the pathogens are complex, often not caused by the same one or several kinds of bacteria, but closely related to multiple factors in the environment, and clinical symptoms appear only when certain environmental, management, and feeding factors change. Second, the pathogenic microorganisms causing infectious respiratory diseases in pigs are mostly resident bacteria, and they invade the damaged site only when the respiratory tract is injured, remain there, proliferate, and then cause disease in pigs. Third, the occurrence of infectious respiratory diseases is greatly affected by external factors and generally has no obvious seasonality. Except for lungworm disease, they mostly occur or worsen in late autumn, winter, and early spring under conditions of drastic temperature changes, muggy heat, dampness, cold, poor ventilation, intensive rearing, and poor management and feeding. Fourth, when pigs suffer from infectious respiratory diseases, secondary infection or mixed infection is likely to occur, thereby worsening the condition and making the disease difficult to control. Fifth, once infectious respiratory diseases in pigs occur, they are difficult to cure completely and are prone to recurrence. These characteristics all bring certain difficulties to the prevention and treatment of such diseases.

In response to the above situation, a series of comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should currently be adopted for infectious respiratory diseases in pigs, including maintaining a stable and suitable environment year-round, strengthening feeding management, maintaining the integrity of the respiratory barrier, reducing stress, vaccination, and using antibiotics for prevention and treatment. Among these, drug prevention and treatment is an effective measure to prevent the onset of disease and control the condition.

Porcine eperythrozoonosis

Porcine eperythrozoonosis is a disease caused by Eperythrozoon parasitizing the surface of pig red blood cells, plasma, and bone marrow, characterized by acute, febrile, icteric anemia, difficulty breathing, skin ecchymoses, and purple ear edges in piglets and finishing pigs, and miscarriage and stillbirth in sows. It often occurs as a mixed infection with other diseases and can lead to death in severe cases.

First, sensitive drugs (1) Tetracyclines. Doxycycline hydrochloride (doxycycline), chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, with doxycycline hydrochloride being the most effective. (2) Fluoroquinolones. Enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin. (3) Macrolides. Tylosin, tilmicosin, aivlosin, kitasamycin. (4) Polyene class. Tiamulin (tiamulin, tiamulin hydrogen fumarate). (5) Florfenicol (florfenicol).

Second, medication regimens (1) Etiological treatment. Group mixed feeding. Mix 150 g of doxycycline hydrochloride per ton of feed, or 300 g of chlortetracycline, or 800 g of oxytetracycline plus 150 g of arsanilic acid plus 1000-2000 g of sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), and feed continuously for 5-7 days, then halve the dose and continue for another 2 weeks. For suckling piglets and severely affected pigs not eating, the mixed drinking method can be used. That is, add 15 g of doxycycline hydrochloride plus 150 g of sodium bicarbonate to 100 L of drinking water and let them drink continuously for 5 days. After they can eat, halve the above dose and mix it into feed for medication, and continue for 2 weeks. (2) Symptomatic treatment by infusion: The notable pathological features of this disease are hypoglycemia and acidosis. Therefore, for affected sows and severely affected piglets, 10% glucose and sodium bicarbonate injection can be given by intravenous drip. Cardiac support: inject 0.5-1 g of caffeine sodium benzoate injection intramuscularly per affected pig. Antipyresis: for pigs with high fever (42°C), analgin injection can be given intramuscularly. Iron and vitamin supplementation: supplement iron salts and vitamin C in the feed of affected pigs.

Mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine

Mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (swine enzootic pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumonia of swine), caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is a respiratory droplet-transmitted infectious disease, mostly with a chronic course. The main symptoms are low, paroxysmal coughing, difficulty breathing, and panting, and body temperature is generally not high. The lesion is characterized by confluent bronchopneumonia, with the apical lobe, cardiac lobe, intermediate lobe, and the anterior margin of the diaphragmatic lobe showing "fleshy consolidation."

First, sensitive drugs (1) Macrolides. Tylosin, tilmicosin, aivlosin. (2) Polyene class. Tiamulin (tiamulin hydrogen fumarate). (3) Fluoroquinolones. Enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin. (4) Tetracyclines. Doxycycline hydrochloride. (5) Lincomycin, spiramycin.

Second, medication regimens The greatest characteristic of the onset of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine is the long course of disease. The pathogen may attach to specific deep tissues and produce an evasion response, preventing drugs from contacting the pathogen well and making the therapeutic effect unstable. Therefore, long-term treatment through group mixed feeding or mixed drinking is a better way to control this disease. (1) Mix 500 g of tylosin plus 150 g of doxycycline hydrochloride per ton of feed, feed continuously for 5-7 days, halve the dose, and continue for another 2 weeks. (2) Mix 200 g of tilmicosin per ton of feed and feed continuously for 2 weeks. (3) Mix 60 g of aivlosin plus 300 g of chlortetracycline (150 g of doxycycline hydrochloride) per ton of feed and feed continuously for 7-10 days. (4) Mix 200 g of tiamulin (tiamulin hydrogen fumarate) per ton of feed and feed continuously for 7 days, or add 100 g of this product to 100 L of drinking water and let them drink continuously for 7 days, then halve the dose and continue for 1-2 weeks. (5) Mix 150 g of enrofloxacin or ofloxacin or norfloxacin per ton of feed, feed in mixed feed for 5-7 days, then halve the dose and continue for 1-2 weeks.

Third, vaccine prevention At present, several types of vaccines can be used to prevent this disease, including rabbit-attenuated live vaccine, cell-free lyophilized attenuated vaccine, and inactivated vaccine.