How to prevent and treat heatstroke in cattle? A detailed explanation of integrated prevention and treatment technical points

Heatstroke in cattle is a common disease in summer and autumn, especially in draft cattle and calves. If heatstroke in cattle is not prevented and treated in time, it often causes death or seriously affects farm work, so great attention should be paid to it.

I. Causes and symptoms

Heatstroke in cattle is the general term for sunstroke and heatstroke. In hot seasons, when the head of cattle is exposed to intense sunlight, it causes congestion of the blood vessels of the brain and meninges and substantive brain lesions, resulting in sunstroke. Narrow, low, stuffy, humid, and poorly ventilated cattle sheds; excessive work and insufficient drinking water; walking for a relatively long time on cement or sand; long-distance transport and overcrowding, etc., make it difficult for the body to dissipate heat, causing internal heat accumulation and a sharp rise in body temperature, resulting in heatstroke. Heatstroke in cattle often occurs suddenly in hot seasons. Sick cattle are depressed or excited; they walk slowly and unsteadily, and the body sways; the whole body sweats, body temperature reaches above 42°C, and the body surface is hot to the touch; breathing is difficult, with the mouth open and tongue protruding; the conjunctiva is congested, the mouth and tongue are dry, and appetite is completely lost or increased; in the later stage, there is high fever, coma, and delirium, inability to stand after lying down, foam at the mouth, muscle tremors, cyanotic conjunctiva, and death from spasms.

II. Integrated prevention and treatment

1. Preventive measures. ① Cattle sheds should be built relatively spacious, cool, and ventilated; it is forbidden to cover cattle shed roofs with asphalt felt and plastic film. ② In hot seasons, draft cattle should work in the morning and evening and rest at noon; during use, they should also rest from time to time and drink appropriately more water. ③ In summer and autumn, cattle should be tied in shady places to rest. ④ In hot seasons, cattle transported by vehicle or boat should be transported in the early morning and evening and protected from overcrowding; they must not walk for a relatively long time on cement or sand (stone) ground. ⑤ In summer and autumn, cattle bodies should be washed and brushed frequently to keep them clean and cool. ⑥ In high temperatures, before draft cattle work, they should be drenched with 3-4 small bottles of "Shidishui" (for humans, 500-1000 ml of cool water).

2. Integrated treatment. 1. Quickly place the sick cattle in a cool, ventilated place, splash the body with cold water, give an enema with cool water, and frequently let it drink cool water; if conditions permit, place ice bags on the head. 2. Intramuscular injection of 10-20 ml of 2.5% chlorpromazine solution or intravenous drip mixed with normal saline can lower temperature and prevent collapse. 3. Inject a cardiotonic, then perform intravenous bloodletting of 1-2 liters, followed by infusion of 2-3 liters of compound sodium chloride solution or normal saline or balanced solution, which can maintain cardiopulmonary function. 4. Intravenous injection of 500-1000 ml of 20% mannitol or 25% sorbitol or 300-500 ml of 50% glucose solution can reduce intracranial pressure. 5. When cattle are restless and agitated, intravenous injection of 100 ml of Anbromine solution has a sedative effect. 6. Gardenia 45 g, Forsythia suspensa 50 g, floating @#@245@#@150 g, Polygala tenuifolia 40 g, decoct the juice and let it cool, add the egg whites of 10 eggs, and administer by drenching once. 7. Platycladus seed kernel 65 g, hematite (calcined fine powder) 30 g, watermelon rind 300 g, decoct twice in water to obtain a total of 3.5 liters of juice, add 200 g white sugar and 10 g table salt after cooling, and administer by drenching in 3 divided doses per day. 8. Elsholtzia 45 g, Coptis chinensis 35 g, white hyacinth bean 100 g, Ziziphus jujuba seed 65 g, decoct twice in water to obtain a total of 3 liters of juice, add 10 eggs after cooling, and administer by drenching in 2 divided doses per day. 9. Fresh human urine 300-500 ml, mix with 3-5 eggs, and administer by drenching once. 10. Fresh hyacinth bean leaves 1250 g, fresh loofah flowers 50 g, raw mung bean 100 g, Tribulus terrestris 40 g, decoct together twice to obtain 3 liters of mixed juice, and administer by drenching in 2 divided doses per day. 11. Fresh lotus root 300 g, fresh reed rhizome 250 g, lotus plumule 30 g, yellow sheep horn or white goat horn 40 g (filed powder), mash together and decoct twice to obtain 4 liters of juice, and administer by drenching 3 times per day. 12. Raw soybean milk 2.5 liters, white sugar 250 g, mix evenly, and administer by drenching once. 13. Chinese chives 1000 g, mash, place in a little cool water and then squeeze the juice, then mix with 150 ml rapeseed oil, 200 g white sugar, and 5 eggs, and administer by drenching once. 14. Aged vinegar 200-300 ml, add an appropriate amount of water, and administer by drenching once. 15. Fresh Solanum nigrum 500-700 g, brown sugar 200 g, decoct the juice and administer by drenching, 1 dose per day, for 2 consecutive doses. 16. Sweet wormwood 250 g, mung bean 300 g, decoct in water and take the juice, add 300 ml of child's urine after cooling, and administer by drenching once. 17. Bitter melon 3000 g, cut into thin slices, evenly sprinkle with 100 g table salt, rub vigorously and press to extract 500 ml of juice, and administer by drenching once.