How to use medication for chicken respiratory diseases in winter and spring? Farming experience sharing
There are many causes of chicken respiratory diseases, which can be broadly divided into non-infectious causes and infectious causes. Every year starting from Cold Dew, the temperature difference between day and night increases, and most farmers reduce ventilation time to keep warm. Coupled with factors such as unreasonable chicken coop design and unreasonable vaccine immunization, respiratory diseases have long plagued the majority of farmers.
Analysis of disease causes
Feeding management - poor ventilation in chicken coops. The concentration of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide exhaled by chickens, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide produced by feces, and carbon monoxide produced by incomplete coal combustion rises, while oxygen concentration decreases. Chickens kept in such an environment for a long time will suffer damage to their respiratory systems. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gases can cause inflammation of the conjunctiva and tracheal mucosa of chickens, making it easy for pathogens to invade the respiratory system and cause disease; carbon monoxide can cause poisoning in chickens; dust caused by dry litter carries large amounts of pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli, and when the concentration is high or the body's resistance decreases, it is easy to cause colibacillosis; if moldy litter is used, large amounts of mold spores are dispersed in the air, and after being inhaled by chickens, they cause aspergillosis in chickens. Environmental factors such as excessive stocking density in chicken coops and ambient temperatures that are too high or too low can all interact with infectious respiratory pathogens, aggravating the symptoms of respiratory diseases.
Infectious pathogens
Viral pathogens mainly include avian influenza (Orthomyxovirus), Newcastle disease (Paramyxovirus), infectious bronchitis (Coronavirus), infectious laryngotracheitis (Herpesvirus), etc.
Bacterial pathogens mainly include infectious coryza (Haemophilus), E. coli.
Other pathogens mainly include chronic respiratory disease (Mycoplasma), aspergillosis (Aspergillus).
Interference from other pathogens. Besides bacteria, mycoplasma, and viruses, pathogens of respiratory diseases also include diseases that cause immunosuppression, such as Marek's disease, infectious anemia, infectious bursal disease, reticuloendotheliosis, subgroup leukemia, reovirus disease, etc., as well as unfavorable environmental factors, which aggravate the pathogenic effects of pathogens on the respiratory tract.
Diagnostic points and prevention and treatment of common respiratory diseases
Avian influenza (Orthomyxovirus)
Differential diagnosis: The epidemic characteristics, symptoms, and pathological changes of this disease are similar to Newcastle disease. Currently, Newcastle disease occurring domestically has a longer incubation period and disease course than avian influenza. The dyspnea, oral fluid accumulation, gurgling sounds, typical neurological symptoms, and conventional typical lesions of Newcastle disease are more obvious and characteristic than those of avian influenza. Definitive diagnosis can only rely on laboratory diagnosis.
Attention should be paid to distinguishing it from infectious bronchitis, infectious laryngotracheitis, infectious coryza, mycoplasma disease, chlamydiosis, egg drop syndrome, etc. Differential diagnosis should be made through comprehensive analysis based on their respective epidemic characteristics, symptoms, case necropsy, and laboratory examination.
When secondary or concurrent bacterial diseases occur, they can be identified through pathogen isolation.
Prevention and treatment measures
Cull all poultry in the affected flock, and use H9 and H5 avian influenza vaccines for emergency immunization of uninfected chicken flocks in surrounding areas.
Control secondary infections.