What are the prevention and treatment methods for pig heatstroke?

In 1996, Waisha Town saw a @#@227@#@ wave. Due to insufficient funds, there were many small pig farms. Only one had a certain scale, producing over a thousand pigs per year, 8 produced several hundred per year, and many were farm-style pig farms producing several dozen per year. Sows were mainly Landrace-Yorkshire and Yorkshire-Landrace crossbred offspring. Largely because the pig houses were low and small, the equipment was crude, ventilation was insufficient, the sheds were stuffy and hot, and the smell of pig manure and urine was strong and foul, every year during the hot weather from June to early September, those obese non-pregnant sows or pregnant sows would suffer heatstroke. If not discovered in time or emergency measures were not taken, pregnant sows would die because of high fever and the fetus dying in the womb; after farrowing, lactating sows with high fever would have insufficient milk, causing suckling piglets to starve, develop diarrhea, become emaciated, have reduced resistance, have their growth and development stunted, and have increased mortality; first-pregnancy sows would suffer miscarriage, and so on, bringing certain economic losses to the pig farming industry.

Pig heatstroke occurs because the body's thermoregulatory function is impaired or the body is stimulated by something other than sunlight, causing excessive heat retention in the body, impaired heat dissipation, and overheating from accumulated body heat, which produces the main symptoms; the sick pig's body temperature rises above 41°C within a certain period, and the whole body is so hot it burns the hand; the mouth is open with rapid breathing, the tongue protrudes, the heartbeat quickens, and there is sometimes a state of excitement. It is restless and uneasy, such as bumping into the pen and biting the pen, and cannot settle whether standing or lying; constipation, with feces mostly dry hard dung balls, the cornea of the eyes is congested and later turns purple, and after the sow dies, the abdomen turns purple.

Prevention and treatment methods: when heatstroke is found in a sow, emergency measures should be taken promptly to dissipate the heat in the pig's body as quickly as possible. First, inject antipyretic drugs intramuscularly, using 10% analgin or compound aminopyrine injection; for large doses, inject at divided sites intramuscularly in order to achieve rapid absorption and reduce fever. Second, use tap water or groundwater from flushing the pig house to spray the pig's body and give an enema, repeatedly, to dissipate the body heat outside the body as quickly as possible; generally, effects can be seen after about 20 minutes. However, after the symptoms disappear in a pregnant sow, observe whether there is a stillbirth; you can gently feel the abdomen with your hand to understand the fetal movement in the womb or listen to the fetal heartbeat to determine whether the fetus is alive or dead. If a stillbirth is found, induce labor to keep the mother from dying. When inducing labor in a sow, be extremely careful and cautious, and never use rough methods by putting your hand into the uterus to remove the fetus; removing the fetus often causes edema, inflammation, damage, and congestion of the mucous membranes of the vagina, cervix, uterus, and other places, and the consequences lead to failed induction of labor, a poor prognosis for the mother, and even death. A proper method: when a stillbirth is found in a sow, inject oxytocin intramuscularly into the sow and infuse 35°C warm water into the uterine body to increase intrauterine pressure and promote uterine peristalsis; after a few minutes, when the sow is seen contracting her abdomen and straining, and the fetus is expelled, assist with delivery to keep the mother intact. After induction of labor is completed, if inflammation of the vagina or uterus is found, treat with oxytetracycline bulk powder, Gongyanjing, and other drugs; if the sow is weak, give fluid replacement.

In order to reduce the occurrence of heatstroke, preventive measures should be strengthened: the ventilation and air permeability environment should be improved. For example, install fans to reduce the stuffiness and heat in the sow house, so that the pigs live in a ventilated and cool environment, strengthen the sense of responsibility in feeding, make more rounds, and discover sick pigs early; for sows found to be constipated, give defecation treatment, and increase the number of times sows are cooled with water so that the pigs feel cool. With the above comprehensive measures, as long as the word "conscientious" is achieved, results can be seen and losses reduced.