Key Techniques for High-Yield Winter Cultivation of Cut Rose

Winter is the season when cut roses are in relatively short supply in northern regions, and cut flower prices are also higher in this season. Therefore, increasing the winter yield of cut roses is extremely important for increasing the annual income from cut roses. A set of high-yield techniques for cut roses in solar greenhouses is introduced here: 1. Ensure greenhouse temperature and soil temperature

First, adopt a reasonable greenhouse structure to ensure the greenhouse absorbs solar energy to the maximum extent, raise the indoor temperature, and keep the daytime room temperature at around 25°C, with the maximum not exceeding 28°C. Second, use cattail mats, straw mats, thermal insulation quilts, or paper quilts as coverings to reduce heat consumption. Third, take heating measures to raise the nighttime temperature of the greenhouse and ensure the night temperature is 15.5°C-16.5°C. Fourth, dig cold-proof trenches, fill the trenches with wheat straw, rice straw, etc., and cover them with soil to provide heat insulation and temperature preservation. 2. Increase light. In winter, light intensity in northern regions is weak, and roses are light-loving plants, so every possible effort should be made to increase light and promote rose growth. First, choose drip-free film with good light transmittance and keep the greenhouse film clean to help enhance light transmittance. Second, use reflective film, laying it on the ground between ridges and attaching it to the back wall of the greenhouse to increase light intensity. Third, use artificial light sources to supplement the insufficient winter light. 3. Ensure fertilizer and water supply. Generally, fertilize once every 2-3 weeks. Organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer should be used alternately. When using chemical fertilizer, keep the ratio of N, P, K at 1:1:2, and combine it with foliar fertilization, spraying foliar fertilizer, urea, monopotassium phosphate, and various trace elements, etc. In addition, use a carbon dioxide generator to produce carbon dioxide while the greenhouse is closed, so that the carbon dioxide concentration reaches 1000 mg/kg-2000 mg/kg, which has an obvious yield-increasing effect and can improve the quality of cut flowers. Cut roses require the relative humidity in the greenhouse to remain between 65%-70%, so the frequency of watering should be appropriately reduced. Generally, water along with fertilization. 4. Bend branches combined with pruning. Bending weak branches can reduce nutrient consumption, increase the accumulation of organic matter, and maintain cut flower yield and quality. In winter, the growth of cut roses is small, so light pruning should be the main approach. 5. Pest and disease control. In winter, the main pests and diseases of cut roses are powdery mildew, aphids, whiteflies, and red spider mites, etc. To control powdery mildew, spray with 15% triadimefon at 500 times dilution or 42% fenbucqing at 300-400 times dilution. It is best to fumigate with chlorothalonil smoke agent before the disease occurs. A sulfur evaporator can also be used to heat and fumigate sulfur to kill pathogens in the air inside the greenhouse, achieving the purpose of controlling powdery mildew, ensuring the cleanliness of cut rose leaves and improving the quality of cut flowers. To control aphids and whiteflies, spray with 20% Haonianodong at 1000-1500 times dilution or 5% Yashijing at 1000 times dilution. To control red spider mites, spray with 40% dicofol at 1000-1500 times dilution or 1.8% Jiqi Chongmanke at 1500-2000 times dilution.