Detailed Explanation of Common Causes of Silkworm Poisoning and Preventive Measures

@#@250@#@During the process, poisoning sometimes occurs, which at best affects the growth and development of silkworms and at worst causes mass death. Therefore, silkworm farmers must pay attention to it and take measures to avoid losses.

1. Gas poisoning

During the incubation period of silkworm eggs or the first and second instars of young silkworms, the temperature in the silkworm room is low and heating is required. If coal products are used for heating and there is no exhaust facility on the coal stove, the toxic gases produced, such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon monoxide, accumulate in the silkworm room and can cause poisoning of silkworm eggs and young silkworms. If silkworm eggs are poisoned during the incubation period, dead eggs or uneven hatching are likely to occur. When young silkworms are poisoned, the chest swells, they spit water, the tail contracts, and they die quickly. Most of the corpses rot, and after the skin breaks, a brownish dirty liquid flows out, while some dry up.

Preventive measures: Use methods such as kang-bed silkworm rearing and ground dragon heating or electric heating to avoid the production of toxic gases in the silkworm room; if a coal stove is used for heating, an exhaust pipe must be installed and ventilation must be carried out regularly. Once poisoning of silkworm eggs or young silkworms is found, ventilation should be carried out immediately, and the silkworm eggs or young silkworms should be moved to a place with circulating air to alleviate the poisoning symptoms.

2. Waste gas poisoning

If the silkworm room is close to a "three wastes" pollution site, harmful components in the waste gas, such as fluoride, sulfide, chloride, and other toxic gases, will cause chronic poisoning of the silkworm body. Poisoned silkworms have poor appetite, slow development, dirty body color, and gradually shrink and die.

Preventive measures: When newly planting mulberry fields, they should be far away from factories that discharge "three wastes" to prevent harmful gases from affecting the mulberry field; do not feed silkworms with mulberry leaves contaminated by toxic gases to prevent poisoning after the silkworms eat them.

3. Pesticide poisoning

First, poisoning from contact with pesticides; second, poisoning from inhaling pesticides; third, poisoning from eating mulberry leaves contaminated by pesticides. Poisoned silkworms crawl everywhere, their bodies spasm and shrink, they spit out large amounts of fluid, and some excrete string-like feces, suffer rectal prolapse, and so on. Severely poisoned ones die quickly, while lightly poisoned silkworms may still recover. Silkworms in the middle and late stages of the 5th instar that are poisoned in trace amounts show no obvious symptoms at the time, but after mounting the cluster, they often become non-cocoon-spinning silkworms.

Preventive measures: Pesticides are strictly prohibited from being stored in the silkworm room; use pesticides correctly, and do not feed silkworms with mulberry leaves contaminated by pesticides. If poisoning is found, the cause should be identified immediately, lime powder should be spread on the silkworm seat, the toxic substance should be isolated, and fresh mulberry leaves should be fed instead; for lightly poisoned silkworms, clean cold water or cold tea water can be used to rinse and induce vomiting to promote recovery; effectively strengthen feeding management to reduce poisoning losses.

4. Poisonous hair poisoning

If the silkworm body contacts or eats the poisonous hairs of the mulberry tussock moth caterpillar, it will cause body trauma or chemical poisoning, especially affecting young silkworms. After young silkworms are poisoned by the poisonous hairs of the mulberry tussock moth caterpillar, their appetite is completely lost, their bodies shrink, and they die quickly.

Preventive measures: Earnestly prevent and control insect pests in mulberry fields and eliminate the mulberry tussock moth caterpillar; prevent the mulberry tussock moth caterpillar and its molted skins from mixing into the silkworm seat; do not use mulberry leaves with insects or with molted skins of the mulberry tussock moth caterpillar attached, so as to prevent the poisonous hairs of the mulberry tussock moth caterpillar from harming the silkworm body.