Several commonly used green and environmentally friendly fishery drugs in aquaculture

Quicklime, table salt, and the like are not dedicated fishery drugs, but they are highly effective for preventing and treating aquatic diseases, pose no threat to the environment, and leave no drug residue problems.

Quicklime: Regularly splashing quicklime into aquaculture water bodies can not only reduce the occurrence of many diseases, but also provide the calcium element essential for cultured organisms, which is especially important for crustacean aquaculture. Method of use: Choose quicklime that has not weathered; for pond clearing and disinfection, use 150-200 kg per mu; for disease prevention and treatment, generally 5-9, use once about every 20 days, and at a water depth of 1 m use 15-20 kg per mu. Splashing quicklime and pond fertilizing cannot be carried out at the same time; the interval is generally about 5 days; quicklime is not used at the same time as chlorine-containing disinfectants; generally, quicklime can be used only 5 days after using chlorine-containing disinfectants and insecticides; when the water body pH is greater than 8, it is best not to use quicklime.

Tea seed cake, also called tea bran or tea cake, is a by-product after oil is pressed from the kernels of the oil tea fruit. Because it contains a hemolytic saponin, it kills various wild trash fish, frog eggs, tadpoles, leeches, as well as snails, clams, mussels, and the like buried in the silt. At the same time, tea seed cake is rich in protein and contains a small amount of fat as well as various nutrients such as multiple amino acids. Using tea seed cake for pond clearing and disinfection has a protective effect on aquatic plants. During the culture period, tea seed cake can prevent fish hemorrhagic disease, bacterial gill rot, red skin disease, enteritis, and other diseases, and kill pathogens and parasites (eggs) on the fish body surface and gills, and can promote shell shedding in shrimp and crabs. Method of use: Select fresh, non-moldy block or crushed tea seed cake; when clearing the pond, soak it for 1 day and night, then splash the residue and liquid together over the whole pond, using about 50 kg per mu; to prevent diseases of fish, shrimp, and crabs, from April to October, use 5 kg of tea seed cake per mu at a water depth of 1 m, and tread it separately into the silt around the pond and in the center.

Garlic and allicin: Garlic and allicin have effects such as killing parasites and reducing food accumulation, detoxifying and relieving pain, promoting digestion, and sterilizing and stopping diarrhea. They have varying degrees of inhibitory effects on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, many kinds of fungi, and certain viruses. Oral administration can promote intestinal peristalsis and enhance appetite. Method of use: Mash fresh garlic and mix it into feed for feeding; add garlic at 1%-3% of the body weight of the feeding aquatic animals, or add allicin at 0.2%, and feed continuously for 4-6 days. Allicin can also be diluted with water and splashed over the whole pond, with a dosage of 4--20 mg/L drug concentration in the water body.

Table salt: At low concentration, it stimulates the growth of pathogens; at high concentration, it can inhibit the growth of pathogens. It prevents and treats philometriosis and various parasitic diseases of the skin or gills caused by protozoan parasitism, as well as fungal diseases caused by water mold and certain bacterial diseases. Method of use: In aquaculture, crude salt is mainly used. A 2%-5% solution soaked for 15-20 minutes can prevent various parasites on the body surface and gills; the oral dosage is 25-50 g added per kg of feed. The soaking time depends on the water temperature and the tolerance of the fish. Frogs have poor tolerance to table salt, so caution is needed when using it.