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Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for the Prevention and Treatment of Deer Mucosal Disease

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Deer mucosal disease is a disease caused by the mucosal disease virus, characterized by acute, catarrhal inflammation of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract and upper respiratory tract. 1. Pathogen The pathogen of this disease is the mucosal disease virus, also known as bovine viral diarrhea virus. The virus is sensitive to ether, chloroform, and acid, and is quickly inactivated at 56°C. 2. Epidemiological characteristics The sources of infection are diseased deer and virus-carrying deer. The virus is excreted from the body through nasal and ocular secretions, milk, feces, urine, and semen. Ingestion or inhalation of contaminated materials is the main mode of transmission. Deer, musk deer, and various ruminants are susceptible. The disease can occur

Deer mucosal disease is a disease caused by the mucosal disease virus, characterized by acute, catarrhal inflammation of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract and upper respiratory tract.

1. Pathogen The pathogen of this disease is the mucosal disease virus, also known as bovine viral diarrhea virus. The virus is sensitive to ether, chloroform, and acid, and is quickly inactivated at 56°C.

2. Epidemiological characteristics The sources of infection are diseased deer and virus-carrying deer. The virus is excreted from the body through nasal and ocular secretions, milk, feces, urine, and semen. Ingestion or inhalation of contaminated materials is the main mode of transmission. Deer, musk deer, and various ruminants are susceptible. The disease can occur year-round, but is more common in late winter and early spring.

3. Clinical symptoms The symptoms of artificially infected and naturally occurring cases in deer are consistent, showing weakness, markedly reduced hearing and vision, dehydration, and emaciation. Some diseased deer exhibit excessive tearing and corneal opacity. The feces contain large amounts of mucus and blood.

4. Anatomical and pathological changes Erosion of the abomasal and intestinal mucosa, catarrhal or hemorrhagic inflammation of the trachea, lungs, abomasum, and intestines, cystitis, nephritis, hepatic necrosis, and petechial or ecchymotic hemorrhage in the ocular conjunctiva, nasal mucosa, and oral mucosa. In some cases, hemorrhage is present in the skin, rumen floor, and epicardium. 5. Diagnosis A preliminary diagnosis can be made based on symptoms and lesions, and confirmation should be carried out through virus isolation and serological testing.

6. Prevention and treatment Currently, there is no effective therapy. Diseased deer should be isolated and given intensive care, with symptomatic treatment implemented. For contaminated herds, attenuated vaccines can be used for preventive injection or emergency vaccination.

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