How should fishery drugs be used in a standardized way? Master these key points for medication
Fishery drug residues are currently the most common source of contamination in aquatic products. There are many reasons for excessive drug levels in aquatic products, among which the abuse of drugs and feed additives is the main culprit. Standardized medication is a fundamental measure for preventing excessive drug residues in aquatic products, improving the quality of aquatic products and crossing the "green barrier". For this reason, the author discusses how to use fishery drugs in a standardized way from the following aspects, for the reference of the vast number of farmers.
1. Strictly implement national laws and regulations
In recent years, relevant departments have successively issued laws and regulations such as the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law, the Regulations on the Administration of Feed and Feed Additives, and the Regulations on the Administration of Veterinary Drugs. Announcement No. 193 of the Ministry of Agriculture explicitly prohibits the use of 21 categories and more than 40 kinds of veterinary drugs and compounds. The state has brought standardized medication onto the legal track, so that there are laws to abide by, and the interests of farmers and consumers are protected by law. It is hoped that the vast number of farmers will implement this strictly.
2. Use drugs scientifically and rationally
Scientific and rational use of fishery drugs is an important measure to ensure the safety of aquatic products: Chapter IV of the Regulations on the Quality and Safety Management of Aquaculture stipulates the use of drugs in aquaculture: the use of aquaculture drugs shall comply with the Regulations on the Administration of Veterinary Drugs and the Ministry of Agriculture's Guidelines for the Use of Pollution-Free Food Fishery Drugs (NY5071-2002). Aquaculture aquatic products for which drugs have been used shall not be used for human food consumption during the withdrawal period; the use of fake or inferior fishery drugs and drugs, other compounds and biological preparations prohibited by the Ministry of Agriculture is prohibited. Bulk drugs shall not be directly used in aquaculture; aquaculture units and individuals shall use drugs scientifically in accordance with the requirements of the instructions for the use of aquaculture drugs or under the guidance of aquatic animal disease prevention and control personnel; aquaculture units and individuals shall fill in the Aquaculture Drug Use Record, and this record shall be kept for more than 2 years after all of that batch of aquatic products is @#@136@#@.
3. Strictly observe the withdrawal period system
After drugs enter the fish body, they generally undergo processes such as absorption, metabolism and excretion, and will not disappear from the body immediately. Drugs or their metabolites remain in tissues, organs or edible products through accumulation, storage or other means, at relatively high concentrations. During the withdrawal period, residues of toxicological significance present in fish tissues can be gradually eliminated through metabolism until they reach a "safe concentration", that is, below the "permitted residue level", or disappear completely. Of course, the withdrawal period varies with the species of fish, type of drug, preparation form, dosage, route of administration and distribution in tissues. After the withdrawal period, the drugs temporarily remaining in the fish body are decomposed until they completely disappear or reach a concentration harmless to the human body. It can be seen that the withdrawal period is stipulated to reduce or avoid excessive drug residues in aquatic products supplied for human consumption and to ensure food safety.
4. Rationally utilize Chinese herbal medicines
Chinese herbal medicines have the advantages of no drug residues, no hormones, no drug resistance, wide drug sources, local sourcing, low prices, stable efficacy and small toxic side effects, and are important means of production for producing pollution-free aquatic products. Chinese herbal medicines can not only be antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and parasiticidal, but are also rich in vitamins, minerals and trace elements. As the resistance to antibiotics and sulfonamide drugs becomes stronger and drug-resistant strains increase day by day, the development and utilization of Chinese herbal medicines to prevent and treat fish diseases is very important, and their dosage forms are becoming more and more numerous and their uses more and more extensive.
5. Correctly use fishery biological drugs
Fishery biological drugs refer to biological preparations made from natural or artificially modified microorganisms, parasites, biological toxins or biological tissues and their metabolites as raw materials, using related technologies such as biology, molecular biology or biochemistry, and used for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases and other related diseases of aquatic animals. Their efficacy or safety should be verified by biological methods and have strict reliability. The most widely used biological product in aquaculture is vaccines. Fishery vaccines are fishery biological drugs made from processed fish pathogens with good immunogenicity, and can produce corresponding specific immunity when used to vaccinate aquatic animals.