Detailed Explanation of Key Points of Fritillaria ussuriensis Planting Techniques
Fritillaria ussuriensis, also known as Pingbei, is a perennial herbaceous plant. Its bulbs can be used as medicine and have effects such as clearing heat and moistening the lungs, and relieving cough and resolving phlegm. Due to the scarcity of wild resources, it is now also cultivated artificially, and some farmers have achieved prosperity by growing it. So how should Fritillaria ussuriensis be planted? Let's learn about it together.
1. Site Selection and Land Preparation
Wild Fritillaria ussuriensis prefers a cool and humid climate, generally growing in loose, fertile, relatively moist soil rich in humus under forests or along riverbanks. Therefore, artificial cultivation should choose fertile and loose sandy loam, while clay loam, sandy land and low-lying land are not suitable for planting, so as not to affect its growth. In the autumn and winter of the previous year, deeply plow the soil about 20 cm, and at the same time apply base fertilizer, generally applying 4000-5000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure per mu, mix it evenly with the soil, then shape and rake it level to make beds for later use.
2. Propagation Methods
Propagation of Fritillaria ussuriensis is mainly through seed propagation and bulb propagation. In production, bulb propagation is generally the main method. Seed propagation takes a long number of years and is too time-consuming, so it is generally not used. When harvesting bulbs in June-July each summer, the large ones are used for medicine, the medium and small ones are used for seeds. The medium-sized ones are planted on the bed surface at a spacing of 1.5 cm between plants and rows after autumn, while the small ones are sown evenly into furrows opened on the bed surface.
3. Field Management
In early spring before emergence, the field should be cleared in time to facilitate emergence. After emergence, loosen the soil and remove weeds in time, so that there are no weeds in the field and the growth of seedlings is promoted. Especially in summer, when weeds grow densely, avoid competing with seedlings for water and fertilizer. To obtain high and good quality yield, fertilization is indispensable. Starting in winter each year, cover the bed surface with a 3 cm thick layer of decomposed farmyard manure, which serves to fertilize and keep warm and prevent cold. In dry spring and summer, water in time to keep the soil moist to facilitate emergence. After emergence, water according to soil dryness and weather conditions, and loosen the soil in time after watering to avoid soil compaction, which is unfavorable to root growth. In the rainy season, drain in time to avoid root rot.
4. Pests and Diseases
During cultivation, Fritillaria ussuriensis is mainly harmed by rust disease and sclerotinia disease. Rust disease generally occurs in April. After onset, it causes leaf perforation, yellowing leaves, and plant wilting. The control method is to thoroughly clean the garden, eliminate weeds and diseased and residual plants, and spray ferrous sulfate before flowering, which has a good effect. Sclerotinia mainly harms the bulbs. When the disease occurs, black spots appear on the bulbs, and in severe cases the entire bulb turns black, and the aboveground plants wilt and turn yellow. The control method is reasonable crop rotation, selecting well-drained plots for planting, and when the disease occurs, promptly remove diseased plants, spread lime on the diseased holes for disinfection, and use carbendazim to drench the roots of surrounding plants for control.
The above is an introduction to the planting techniques of Fritillaria ussuriensis. We hope it can help you. To learn more related knowledge, please follow us.