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What are the main equipment and facilities in a deer barn building?

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1. Feeding and watering equipment (1) Water supply equipment: water source, submersible pump, water tank, water pipes, drinking troughs, etc. (2) Drinking troughs: to allow deer to drink warm water in winter, a rectangular trough welded from iron plate or a large iron pot can be fixed on a stove base so it can be heated. The trough or water pot is best placed below the front wall, or at the lower end of the feed trough in the middle of the exercise yard; some also extend a small part into the corridor, so water can be added and heated directly from the corridor, saving time and labor and being safer. The trough is 2 m long (passing through the wall, for two pens), 0.6 m wide, and 0.35 m deep. The stove base must be solid, and the chimney 1.2-1.5 m high. Where conditions permit, it is best to use gravity-fed watering, with a tap water pipe and automatic switch installed above the trough or between the stove base and the edge of the water pot. (3) Feed troughs: generally wider and deeper cement troughs, wooden troughs, etc. are commonly used, with cement troughs being the most durable. Feed troughs are best placed below the iron-bar railing of the front wall, or fixed lengthwise in the middle of the exercise yard; some are placed inside the shed. When wooden feed troughs are used, they must be installed securely. General feed trough specifications: 4-5 m long, 0.6-0.8 m wide at the top, with a rounded bottom, 0.25-0.30 m deep, and the bottom of the trough 0.3-0.4 m above the ground. It can feed 10-15 adult deer or 20-30 young deer. Generally, at least two such feed troughs should be set up in each pen. The surface of the feed trough must be smooth and free of sharp edges.

1. Feeding and watering equipment (1) Water supply equipment: water source, submersible pump, water tank, water pipes, drinking troughs, etc. (2) Drinking troughs: to allow deer to drink warm water in winter, a rectangular trough welded from iron plate or a large iron pot can be fixed on a stove base so it can be heated. The trough or water pot is best placed below the front wall, or at the lower end of the feed trough in the middle of the exercise yard; some also extend a small part into the corridor, so water can be added and heated directly from the corridor, saving time and labor and being safer. The trough is 2 m long (passing through the wall, for two pens), 0.6 m wide, and 0.35 m deep. The stove base must be solid, and the chimney 1.2-1.5 m high. Where conditions permit, it is best to use gravity-fed watering, with a tap water pipe and automatic switch installed above the trough or between the stove base and the edge of the water pot. (3) Feed troughs: generally wider and deeper cement troughs, wooden troughs, etc. are commonly used, with cement troughs being the most durable. Feed troughs are best placed below the iron-bar railing of the front wall, or fixed lengthwise in the middle of the exercise yard; some are placed inside the shed. When wooden feed troughs are used, they must be installed securely. General feed trough specifications: 4-5 m long, 0.6-0.8 m wide at the top, with a rounded bottom, 0.25-0.30 m deep, and the bottom of the trough 0.3-0.4 m above the ground. It can feed 10-15 adult deer or 20-30 young deer. Generally, at least two such feed troughs should be set up in each pen. The surface of the feed trough must be smooth and free of sharp edges.

2. Restraint equipment: Deer restraint equipment includes restraint equipment for antler sawing, such as a hanging pen; restraint equipment used for assisting delivery when a doe has difficulty giving birth, such as a delivery assistance box; and restraint equipment for disease treatment and artificial insemination of deer.

3. Fawning equipment (1) Fawning pens are necessary equipment used by does for giving birth and for caring for newborn fawns. Generally, fawning pens are best built in a quieter corner of the shed where deer usually gather and disperse easily. The fawning pen is a small wooden pen of 4 m x 6 m, with a simple rain shelter and a dry bedding area under the shelter. It is best to have 2-3 connected fawning pens, with connecting doors between them and separate passages to the exercise yards or deer sheds on both sides. (2) Fawn protection fences are key equipment for protecting newborn fawns and ensuring their safe survival. Generally, fences are made from round wooden poles or iron bars 1.2-1.3 m high and 4-5 cm thick, with a spacing of 12-13 cm, and fixed to the roof frame with 4-5 posts. The fence is 1.4 m from the north wall of the deer shed, and one or both ends of the fence have a small door for personnel to enter and exit for inspection, care, treatment, and supplementary feeding. In deer farms with the means, if a roofed fence can be set up, it can make the inside of the protection fence darker and prevent large deer from jumping in, which is especially effective for protecting newborn fawns. After the protection fence is cleaned and disinfected, lime or plant ash should be spread, and then a thicker layer of soft, clean dry grass should be laid down.

4. Other main equipment (1) Roughage shed: mainly used to store dry leaves, bean pod husks, chopped corn stalks, fresh branches and leaves, weeds, and other roughage. The shed should be built on high, dry terrain with good ventilation and drainage, solid ground, and in a place conducive to fire prevention. Generally, the shed is 30 m long, 8 m wide, and 5 m high, and can store 50 tons of leaves. A grinder can be installed inside the shed or near it to facilitate feed processing. (2) Concentrate feed warehouse: used to store various grain concentrates (soybean cake, wheat bran, soybeans, corn, etc.) as well as salt, bone meal, special additives, etc. The size of the warehouse should be determined according to the scale of breeding. (3) Feed processing and mixing room: the feed processing room should be set between the mixing room and the concentrate warehouse. A cement floor is required, equipped with a soybean cake grinder and other processing facilities. The room should be able to keep warm, prevent rats and flies, and have a tap water supply. The main equipment in the mixing room includes soaking troughs, feed pools, salt pools, bone meal pools, stove bases, soy milk machines, etc. (4) Silage pits and forage storage yard: silage pits are the main facility for storing green, juicy feed. Silage pits come in many shapes and forms, including long, square, and round; semi-underground, underground, and tower type. Silage pits should be adapted to local conditions; where conditions are good, cement pits can be used. The forage storage yard is mainly a storage place for roughage used in autumn, winter, and spring (about 8 months). Roughage should be stacked into stacks, and fire must be strictly prevented. (5) Mechanical equipment: mainly includes transport vehicles, soybean cake grinders, pulp grinders, corn grinders, soybean cold rollers, green and dry feed grinders, root feed washers and slicers, submersible pumps, blowers, electric ovens, freezers, electric fans, antler slicers, electric motors, etc.

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