Detailed Explanation of Three-Way Cross Lean Pig Farming Techniques
Breed and Bloodline Combinations Must Be Scientific and Standardized
The breed and bloodline combination of three-way cross lean pigs has a major impact on daily weight gain, feed-to-weight ratio, dressing percentage and lean meat percentage, so the bloodlines of the sire and dam lines of three-way cross pigs must be clearly known and must have specific markings and records for verification.
Piglets Must Grow and Develop Well in Early Stages
The birth weight and weaning weight of piglets are strongly correlated with later weight gain. A sign of good piglet growth and development is a body weight above 17.5 kg at 45 days of age. This indicates that the piglet grew and developed well during the fetal and suckling periods, and its production performance such as daily weight gain and feed-to-weight ratio during the fattening period will be ideal. If the piglet's age cannot be determined, it can be determined by observing the degree of development of its reproductive organs. If, when the piglet weighs 20-25 kg, the testes of the boar or the vulva of the sow have not begun to develop, this indicates good growth and development; otherwise, growth has been stunted.
Rational Use of Complete-Price Feed
Incomplete nutrition is a major factor preventing pigs from reaching their maximum production potential. The nutrients in feed also affect the immune function of pigs, and carcass quality is directly affected by the type of feed. Therefore, to obtain the maximum production benefit from three-way cross lean pigs, the completeness of the feed is one of the keys to successful raising.
Pay Attention to Saving on Feed Costs
Feed accounts for about 70% of pig farming costs. To meet the pigs' nutritional requirements while reducing raising costs, the following methods can be adopted in management: multi-stage feeding. Divide the pig's growth period into several stages, and adjust the ratio of the more expensive protein feed - concentrated premix and base feed - once every 10 days, that is, reduce the proportion of premix from 20% by 1 percentage point every 10 days, and increase the base feed by 1 percentage point every 10 days. Dry feeding of raw feed. Many nutrients in feed, especially vitamins, are easily destroyed and inactivated at high temperatures, so raw feeding is preferable (except for legume feeds). Some nutrients are lost in water and undergo certain chemical changes, so the technique of dry feeding of raw feed should be vigorously promoted. When pigs eat dry feed, they chew more times, which promotes the secretion of large amounts of saliva, allowing the digestive enzymes in saliva to function more fully and improving feed utilization. Restricted feeding. Restricted feeding can improve feed utilization and the lean meat percentage of commercial pig carcasses. Generally, do not restrict feeding when pigs weigh below 60 kg, to avoid affecting daily weight gain; when pigs weigh above 60 kg, their digestive organs have fully developed and their feed intake is large, so restricted feeding can achieve the goals of saving feed, reducing fat deposition and increasing lean meat percentage. The standard for restricted feeding is generally 80%-85% of full feed intake. Timely marketing. The growth and development of pigs proceeds in the order of bone-muscle-fat. The longer the raising period or the greater the body weight, the more fat is deposited, the thicker the pigskin, and the lower the carcass lean meat percentage. In addition, the energy consumed by the pig body to deposit fat is 9 times that of protein, so raising “large pigs” will incur a huge feed cost. The market weight of three-way cross lean pigs is generally 70-90 kg.
Maintain a Good Raising Ecological Environment and Reduce Stress Responses
Three-way cross lean pigs are relatively sensitive and prone to stress responses, which affect growth and health and can even cause death. For example, in a high-temperature environment, pigs' appetite decreases and weight gain is slow; low temperatures increase the pigs' nutritional consumption; high stocking density, noise and severe air pollution make it difficult for the pig herd to stay calm, causing tail biting, ear biting and fighting. Therefore, the pig house must be kept warm in winter and cool in summer, well ventilated and appropriately stocked, so that the pig herd can stay healthy.
In addition, epidemic prevention and disease elimination, closed isolation and regular disinfection must be carried out well to ensure the safety of the pig herd.