How to design a pig farm with 100 sows? With design drawings

Nature and scale

A small-scale farrow-to-finish commercial pig farm with a basic sow herd of 100 and an annual output of 2,000 finished hogs, with breeds being TOPIGS parent stock or Large White × Landrace crossbred sows and Duroc boars.

Production cycle

Mating to market = 41 weeks (16 weeks gestation + 4 weeks lactation + 5 weeks nursery + 16 weeks fattening).

Composition of the pig farm

① Gestation stalls: 100 sows, 9 litters every 2 weeks, 66 pregnant sows from mating to one week before farrowing, requiring 66 stalls.

② Open (non-pregnant) sow pens: farrowing rate 80%, 1.5 weeks from weaning to mating / 80% × 4.4 head/week + 1 (replacement) = 9 head, 3 head per pen requires 3 pens.

③ Boar pens: single-pen housing requires 4 pens and one mating area.

④ Farrowing crates: 4.4 × 6 weeks = 27.

⑤ Nursery beds: 6 weeks × 4.4 = 27.

⑥ Fattening pens: 16 weeks/2 × 9-10 = 720-800 head, i.e. 72-80 pens.

Farrowing house has 3 units, each unit with 9 farrowing crates; nursery house has 3 units, each unit with 9 nursery beds; boars are housed in single pens, 4 head in 4 pens, 1 area.

Mating pens

Open sows 3-4 head per pen, 3 pens provided; fattening pig house 8-10 head per pen, 10 pens per unit, 8 units in total.

Pig house design

① One farrowing house, 3 units, each unit 1.8 × 5 + 3 = 12 m, building length 36 m, house width 7.8 m.

Schematic diagram of the gestation house

② One nursery house, 3 units, each unit 1.5 × 5 + 3 = 10.5 m, building length 31.5 m, house width 6.6 m.

Schematic diagram of the nursery house

③ One house for boars and sows awaiting mating, 8 pens, building length 3 × 8 = 24 m, single-row house width 5.5 m.

Schematic diagram of the boar and sow-awaiting-mating house

④ One house with 66 individual gestation stalls, building length 0.65 m × 33 + 2.5 = 24 m, double-row house width 7.8 m.

⑤ Four fattening pig houses, each with 2 units, each unit 3 × 5 + 1 = 16 m long, building length 16 × 2 = 32 m, building width 11 m.