What are the prevention and control methods for common abalone diseases?
Abalone is delicious and highly nutritious, a precious marine food known as the "soft gold of the sea," and commands a high market price. Now, with advances in artificial breeding technology, its farming area and density have gradually expanded, and with this come various diseases that harm abalone growth and affect farmers' economic returns. Below, Qinnong Web brings you prevention and control methods for common abalone diseases.
1. Bubble disease
Abalone is prone to bubble disease in environments with strong light, poor water flow and low dissolved oxygen. When the disease occurs, the whole body of the abalone is covered with bubbles; as time passes, the bubbles grow larger and eventually cause the abalone to float on the water surface. It mainly harms juvenile abalone.
Prevention and control methods: Strengthen water quality management, pay attention to light intensity, feed fresh bait, and strictly prohibit feeding rotten or spoiled bait. When the disease occurs, remove residual bait, replace with fresh bait, and change the water in time; generally the disease can be eliminated within 1-2 days.
2. Swelling disease
Swelling disease is also a digestive system disease caused by water quality and bait. When the disease occurs, the abalone has a poor appetite, but this cannot be seen from the outside. When the diseased abalone is opened, increased fluid can be seen in the mantle cavity, pale red in color, with the internal organs swollen and protruding. Its attachment ability also decreases, and as the condition worsens it gradually loses mobility and dies.
Prevention and control methods: Likewise strengthen water quality management and prohibit feeding rotten or spoiled bait. When the disease occurs, remove the residual bait, change the water in time, then mix oxytetracycline with fresh bait and feed it; about 2-3 days are needed for a cure.
3. Pustule disease
Pustule disease is caused by Vibrio anguillarum infection. When the disease occurs, small white pustules appear on the abalone's foot. After these pustules rupture, they discharge a white fluid. As the condition worsens, the abalone's foot begins to ulcerate, its attachment ability becomes poor, food intake decreases, until death.
Prevention and control methods: Usually pay attention to disinfection and sterilization matters. When the disease occurs, feeding bait mixed with oxytetracycline and florfenicol can prevent and control it.
4. Calcium deficiency shell fragmentation disease
Calcium deficiency shell fragmentation disease, as the name implies, is calcium deficiency in abalone, which leads to a thin, fragile shell. This causes the shell to break and expose the soft tissue; without the protection of the shell, the abalone is vulnerable to disease invasion and dies.
Prevention and control methods: Since it is calcium deficiency, calcium must be supplemented. Calcium chloride can be added to the water body, which can achieve a calcium supplementation effect.
5. Polydora disease
Polydora disease is a parasitic disease. Polydora is a boring animal that drills through the abalone's shell, thereby corroding the abalone shell and destroying the abalone's protection mechanism, making it prone to disease, preventing normal growth, until death.
Prevention and control methods: Poor farming environment and management tend to cause frequent outbreaks of Polydora disease, so farming management must be strengthened, with scientific and reasonable regulation of water quality, bait, dissolved oxygen, rearing density and other aspects, in order to effectively prevent Polydora disease.
The above are the prevention and control methods for common abalone diseases brought to you by Qinnong Web. That is all for the introduction on abalone diseases. We hope it can help you. For more farming knowledge, please stay tuned to Qinnong Web.