What breed is best for raising beef cattle? Recommended high-quality beef cattle breeds
Beef cattle are a type of cattle raised mainly for beef production, characterized by a full body, fast weight gain, high feed conversion efficiency, good meat production performance and good meat quality and taste. They not only provide people with meat but also provide other by-products. At present, the prospects for beef cattle farming are very broad. Let us take a look below at what breed is good for raising beef cattle!
What breed is good for raising beef cattle?
1. Simmental: Simmental cattle are a typical breed combining the characteristics of dairy and beef cattle, with full muscles, sturdy limbs and a low rate of difficult calving. The average weight of an adult bull is 800-1200 kg and of a cow 650-800 kg. They have strong adaptability and tolerate extensive management.
2. Limousin cattle: The average weight of an adult Limousin bull is 1100 kg and of a cow 600 kg. They have high meat production performance. Under intensive feeding conditions, they reach 408 kg at 10 months of age and about 480 kg at one year of age. The average daily weight gain during the suckling period is 0.86-1.0 kg.
3. Charolais cattle: Charolais cattle have well-developed muscles, sturdy bones, strong limbs, fast growth and high lean meat yield. Under good feeding conditions, a male calf can reach 250 kg and a female calf 210 kg at 6 months of age, with a daily weight gain of up to 1400 g. The dressing percentage is generally 65-70%.
4. Luxi Yellow cattle: Luxi Yellow cattle have a tall body, well-developed forequarters, well-developed muscles, a sturdy constitution, a well-proportioned structure, strong adaptability, a relatively high meat production rate and tender meat. The average dressing percentage of adult cattle is 58.1%, the net meat rate is 50.7%, the bone-to-meat ratio is 1:6.9 and the fat-to-meat ratio is 1:37.
How much profit does one beef cattle bring?
1. Calf cost: A calf of the improved Simmental breed weighing about 400 jin costs 6500-6700 yuan per head. Adding transport, quarantine and other expenses, the delivered price comes to about 6800-7000 yuan per head.
2. Feeding cost: Under normal circumstances, improved Simmental cattle are mostly slaughtered at 1300-1400 jin. Apart from the high-temperature summer months, they can gain about 100 jin per month on average at other times, while in the three summer months they gain only 60-80 jin per month on average. By this calculation, at least 10 months of feeding are needed to reach 1300 jin. The whole process requires about 2800 jin of concentrate feed and about 6000 jin of roughage. Calculating at 1.3 yuan/jin for concentrate feed and 0.1 yuan/jin for silage straw, the total feeding cost is 4240 yuan.
3. Other costs: vaccine and medicine costs of 100 yuan per head (including foot-and-mouth disease and bovine pleuropneumonia serum), water and electricity 150 yuan per head, depreciation 50 yuan per head and labor 500 yuan per head, totaling 800 yuan per head.
4. Profit analysis: The total cost is 12040 yuan per head. The current slaughter price of fattening cattle is around 12 yuan/jin. A fattening cattle weighing 1300 jin can sell for 15600 yuan. After deducting all farming costs, raising one cattle can earn 3560 yuan.
How can cattle farming be profitable?
1. Breed selection: Raising cattle well is not as good as choosing the breed well. No matter how well some breeds are fed, the beef cattle simply do not gain weight quickly. This reason shows that the beef cattle breed plays a vital role in the growth rate of beef cattle, so cattle farmers must be careful when choosing a beef cattle breed.
2. Feed matching: Corn straw, wheat straw, soybean straw, peanut vines, sweet potato vines, rice straw, weeds and forage grass all belong to roughage, while cornmeal, wheat bran, soybean cake, distiller's grains, rapeseed cake and soybean dregs belong to concentrate. They should be reasonably matched according to the weight and breed of the beef cattle.
3. Epidemic prevention management: Epidemic prevention management on a cattle farm not only benefits growth but also reduces the occurrence of diseases, indirectly increasing profits. Improper management is the direct cause of losses and failure and should not be underestimated. It is absolutely inadvisable to lock the stable door after the horse has bolted. Cattle farmers are hoped to pay attention to this point.
4. Sales price: Whether the price at the time of sale is high or low depends on the region, breed, fat condition and market conditions. If each head of cattle sells for 0.2 yuan less per jin, a beef cattle of over 1000 jin sells for 200 yuan less, and 100 head sell for 20000 yuan less. This seems very small, but when the quantity is large the value is very significant.