Detailed Explanation of the Symptoms and Prevention and Control Methods of Rinderpest
Rinderpest, also known as rotten intestine plague or gall distension plague, is a relatively ancient disease. It is a septicemic infectious disease caused by a virus. It is extremely contagious, with extremely high morbidity and mortality rates. Once it spreads, it can directly destroy an entire cattle herd, causing enormous harm. So when the disease occurs, how do you identify and treat it? Below, Qinnong Net brings you the symptoms and prevention and control methods of rinderpest.
1. Pathogen analysis
Rinderpest is caused by the rinderpest virus pathogen, and it mainly harms yellow cattle and water buffalo. After infection, the mortality rate is extremely high. Although it does not affect humans, it can infect livestock such as pigs and sheep. The main sources of infection are sick cattle and virus-carrying cattle. The excrement of sick cattle contains large amounts of the virus, but infection mainly occurs through contact between sick cattle and other cattle. In addition, it can also be transmitted through respiratory droplets and mosquito bites.
2. Symptoms of onset
When a sick cow first contracts the disease, its body temperature begins to rise and quickly exceeds 40 degrees. After 3-5 days, the body temperature begins to drop, and near death the body temperature is roughly the same as normal, so the severity of the disease can be judged according to changes in body temperature. At onset, the eyes become congested, the conjunctiva turns red, the eyelids swell, and purulent discharge is left behind. The discharge gradually becomes mucopurulent, and the nasal fluid also changes from colorless to gray purulent, accompanied by a foul odor. The nasal area is congested, and the muzzle is dry, hot, and cracked, with yellow scabs. After tearing them off and they fall away, the eroded surface underneath is exposed. Saliva increases noticeably and is accompanied by bubbles or blood streaks. During the period of high body temperature in sick cattle, the oral mucosa becomes congested, and small spots appear on the lower lip and gums, gradually forming blisters over time. After rupturing, they form erosions, and finally deep ulcers form, causing large-scale necrosis in the oral area. After onset, sick cattle are listless. In the later stage, body temperature drops, accompanied by diarrhea and blood in the feces. Finally, they die from difficulty breathing, exhaustion, and convulsions.
3. Prevention and control methods
The infection rate and mortality rate of this disease are extremely high, and the disease develops extremely rapidly. There is currently no specific drug treatment, so prevention must be the main approach. Epidemic prevention measures should be strengthened. Newly introduced cattle should be isolated and observed, and only after ensuring they do not carry the virus should they be put into the herd. Environmental hygiene should be strengthened, with regular and scheduled cleaning and disinfection. Cattle should be vaccinated in a timely manner, generally once a year. When the disease occurs, the entire breeding environment should be isolated in a timely manner, and the epidemic situation should be reported to the relevant departments in a timely manner. The surrounding environment should be disinfected, contaminated equipment should be destroyed or disinfected with drugs. In addition, diseased animals and animals in the same group should be culled, and the carcasses should then be disposed of without contamination to prevent the spread of the disease. In the early stage of the disease, a large amount of anti-rinderpest serum can be injected intravenously, which has a certain inhibitory effect.
The above is the symptoms and prevention and control methods of rinderpest brought to you by Qinnong Net. That is all for the introduction to rinderpest. If you want to learn more, please stay tuned to Qinnong Net.