Jasmine Planting Techniques and Daily Care Methods
Jasmine belongs to the Oleaceae family, Jasminum genus. It is a perennial evergreen small shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions. Jasmine has emerald-green leaves, pure white jade-like flowers, and a delicate, gentle fragrance. It is known as the foremost among fragrant flowers and has excellent ornamental value. It also has high economic value. Jasmine is the most important scented flower for tea in our country. Jasmine and tea leaves are used to scent jasmine tea, making the tea rich and refreshing, combining the fragrant floral scent. The tea absorbs the floral fragrance, the flowers enhance the tea, and the tea and floral fragrance blend into one. Jasmine tea is not only widely loved by our people, but also stands unique in the international market and enjoys great prestige. Jasmine is an important raw material for extracting essential oils, and jasmine can also be used medicinally. Our county cultivates it as a scented flower for scenting tea, bringing out relatively high economic value.
Garden Site Selection
Jasmine is native to subtropical regions and adapts to high-temperature, fertile-soil environmental conditions. Its ecological requirements are: likes light and fears shade, likes fertilizer and fears poor soil, likes acid and fears alkaline, likes aeration and fears stuffiness. Therefore, when selecting a garden site, we should get as close as possible to its ecological environment, choosing land with sufficient sunlight, deep soil layers, fertile and slightly acidic soil, abundant water sources, good drainage and irrigation, and convenient transportation for planting jasmine. After jasmine enters the flower-picking season, flowers must be picked and transported to the processing factory for sale every day. The number of flower-picking days per year is more than 200 days, so the jasmine planting land should be within 10 kilometers of the jasmine factory to facilitate flower transport and sales.
Variety Selection
Jasmine belongs to the Oleaceae genus, Jasminum genus, an evergreen climbing shrub. According to surveys, there are currently more than 60 jasmine varieties in our country, among which the main cultivated varieties are three types: single-petal jasmine, double-petal jasmine, and multi-petal jasmine.
1. Single-petal jasmine: The plant is relatively short, 70-90 cm tall, with thin stems and branches, forming a vine-like type, hence it is also called vine jasmine. The flower buds are slightly pointed and long, relatively small and light. Its yield is lower than double-petal jasmine but higher than multi-petal jasmine. It is not cold-tolerant, not waterlogging-tolerant, and has weak resistance to pests and diseases.
2. Double-petal jasmine is the main variety cultivated on a large scale in our country for scenting scented tea. The plant is 1-1.5 m tall, upright and clumping, with many branches, thick and hard stems and branches, dark green leaves, and relatively thick and glossy leaf texture. The flowers are larger than those of single-petal jasmine and multi-petal jasmine. The flower buds are white, oily and smooth, with obvious waxiness. The floral fragrance is relatively strong and intense, the growth is robust, and the adaptability is strong. The fresh flower yield (over 3 years) can reach more than 500 kg per mu.
3. Multi-petal jasmine: The branches have relatively obvious lump-like protrusions, the leaves are dark green, the flowers are tightly clustered, relatively round and small, with the top slightly notched. Multi-petal jasmine flowers open over too long a period, have a relatively faint fragrance, and lower yield, so they are generally not used as fresh flowers for scenting scented tea.