What to Do When Jasmine Gets Pests? Effective Control Methods to Teach You
Jasmine is one of the flowers we see often in daily life. Because jasmine is extremely fragrant, many people buy some jasmine to grow in water at home, and the scent of just a few flowers can fill an entire room, which is very pleasant. For people who love growing flowers, jasmine is also a top choice for cultivation, but many times we find that jasmine leaves are often bitten to pieces by insects, and the flowers also have insect holes, which is very distressing. In fact, jasmine encounters many pests during its growth process, so what should we do when we encounter pests on jasmine while growing it? Below, Qinong Net introduces several common jasmine pests and diseases and their control methods, hoping to be of some help to everyone.
Common jasmine pests include the double-striped snout moth (Endotricha sp.) that mainly damages flowers, the jasmine leaf webworm (Hymenia recurvalis), the tobacco cutworm (Spodoptera litura) and citrus grey weevil (Sympiezomias citri) that damage leaves, and the notorious red spider mite, among others. Below, Qinong Net introduces them specifically:
I. Double-striped snout moth
The double-striped snout moth belongs to the family Pyralidae, subfamily Endotrichinae. It is known to occur in Japan from May to June and August to September in low mountains and flatlands, damaging the flowers and fruits of Panicum. In China it has been found damaging jasmine and is commonly called the jasmine bud borer. The public calls it the flower heart borer.
1. Life habits
The larvae of the double-striped snout moth overwinter on the tender branches and spent flowers of jasmine. At the end of February and beginning of March, as the weather warms, they pupate and emerge, and the adults lay eggs on flower buds or tender shoots and young leaves. After hatching, the larvae bore into the flowers and feed on them; when there are no flowers, they damage the leaves between the leaves, and can transfer to cause damage. The larvae can also damage tender branches, and there are more than ten generations per year. According to observations, this pest causes damage throughout the entire flowering period of jasmine, with overlapping generations, and June to September is its peak damage period.
2. Control methods for the double-striped snout moth on jasmine
Because this pest mainly damages flowers, and jasmine flowers are the raw material for scenting jasmine tea, the safety requirements are particularly high. In control, first of all, care must be taken not to use highly toxic and highly residual pesticides during the flowering period; medication should be avoided during the flowering period as much as possible, and the pest population density should be controlled through control before and after the flowering period. Specific methods:
a. Clean the field in winter, thoroughly prune out dead branches, insect-damaged branches and infested branches, and burn them in a centralized manner. Sweep up dead leaves and either burn or bury them. In fields where many overwintering pests are found, pesticide application can be combined to reduce the base number of overwintering sources.
b. During the flowering period, inspection should be strengthened, and any damaged flower buds, flowers and branches should be removed promptly.
c. At dusk, fumigation in the flower field can prevent adults from laying eggs.
d. Chemical control. You can choose 24.5% Duochongmanding 2000x solution, or 1.8% Chongmanke 2000x diluted solution, or Sanle insecticide 800-1000x solution, or other abamectin-type pesticides, such as 0.9% Aifuding 2000-3000x solution, 1% Chongmanguang 2500-3500x solution, 0.6% Qimansu 2000x solution, or 24.5% Chachanqing 2500-3000x solution, or 0.5% Nonghaha 2000x solution, and you can also use 4.5% beta-cypermethrin 3000x solution for spraying.
II. Jasmine leaf webworm
The jasmine leaf webworm belongs to the order Lepidoptera, family Pyralidae. It mainly feeds on jasmine leaves as larvae, and sometimes also damages flower buds and tender branches. Newly hatched larvae gather on the underside of leaves, feeding on the leaf mesophyll and leaving a translucent layer of epidermis. After growing larger, they eat the leaves into holes or bite them into notches. They can also gnaw the cortex of small branches, causing leaves to turn yellow and fall off, and entire branches to die.
1. Life habits
In the south, there are 10 generations per year, and it overwinters as larvae. Adults appear from March to April, resting quietly during the day, active at night, mating and laying eggs. Eggs are mostly laid on the upper surface of leaves, and some on the underside of leaves and small branches. Eggs are laid in masses, arranged in a fish-scale pattern, and each female can lay 50-200 eggs. The larvae gather at first, disperse after the third instar, and often bind branches and leaves together, hiding within them and feeding and causing damage. Damage is more severe in autumn.
2. Control methods for the jasmine leaf webworm:
a. Clean the garden in early spring, sweep away dead branches and fallen leaves, and burn them to eliminate overwintering sources.
b. Biological control. This includes protecting natural enemies, releasing egg parasitoid wasps, and using biological pesticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis.
c. Chemical control. When natural enemies cannot control the damage, you can choose 90% trichlorfon 600-800x diluted solution, or 50% fenitrothion emulsifiable concentrate 1000x diluted solution, or 2.5% deltamethrin 1500-2000x diluted solution, or 20% fenvalerate 2000-3000x diluted solution, and you can also use 24.5% Duochongmanding 2000x solution or 1.8% Chongmanke 2000x diluted solution for spraying. Note that spraying should be done after flower picking, and with pyrethroid pesticides, generally more than 5 days after application are needed before picking.
III. Tobacco cutworm
The picture above shows the larva of this pest. The tobacco cutworm belongs to the order Lepidoptera, family Noctuidae, also known as the lotus-striped cutworm or striped night thief moth. The tobacco cutworm is a worldwide pest, mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, the Mediterranean region of Europe, and Africa. It is distributed throughout China. This insect is an omnivorous, voracious leaf-eating pest, often breaking out intermittently in massive outbreaks. It is known to damage more than 200 species in 99 families of plants, with at least 99 species being its favorite food plants. Among cultivated crops, it mainly damages jasmine, cotton, and others, with larvae mainly feeding on leaves, and also feeding on flowers, fruits and tender branches. This insect occurs more in warm regions south of the Huai River in China, with larger pest populations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and South China, while it occurs only occasionally in the north.
The occurrence and damage of the tobacco cutworm are affected by many factors, including temperature, humidity, soil, rainfall, host plants, natural enemies and human measures. The optimum temperature for growth and development is 25-30°C, and the optimum relative humidity is 75%-80%. In fields with good water and fertilizer conditions and dense growth, the pest population density is generally higher. A soil moisture content of 20% helps larvae enter the soil to pupate and adults to emerge. If newly hatched larvae encounter torrential rain washing, they will die in large numbers, and prolonged water accumulation in the field is also unfavorable to pupal survival. In Guangxi, the temperature and humidity conditions are most suitable for the growth and development of the tobacco cutworm, and if there is no continuous torrential rain in June, it is favorable for a major outbreak of the pest population. The control methods for the tobacco cutworm are as follows:
1. Trap and kill adults: Taking advantage of the adults' phototaxis and chemotaxis, use black light lamps and poplar branches or sugar and vinegar solutions to trap and kill adults.
2. Manual capture and killing: Based on the characteristics that adults tend to lay eggs on the underside of leaves in the middle part of the plant and young larvae gather to feed and cause damage, promptly remove egg masses and capture and kill adults during the peak egg-laying period and before the larvae disperse to cause damage.
3. Chemical control: During the peak outbreak period of young larvae, use 10% Chujin suspension concentrate 1500x solution, 5% Regent suspension concentrate 2500x solution, 5.7% Baishude emulsifiable concentrate 4000x solution, 4.5% high-efficiency cis-cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate 3000x solution, 52.25% Nongdile emulsifiable concentrate 1500x solution, 90% trichlorfon 800x solution, 80% dichlorvos 1000x solution, 35% Saidan emulsifiable concentrate 1000x solution, 2.5% Decis 3000-4000x solution and other pesticides for spraying and killing.
IV. Citrus grey weevil
The citrus grey weevil belongs to the order Coleoptera, family Curculionidae. It damages jasmine from March to May each year, with adults biting and feeding on tender buds, new shoots and young leaves, and also feeding on old leaves. Tender and old leaves are eaten into notches, and in severe cases are completely eaten bare, greatly affecting the first batch of flower quantity at the end of April and beginning of May. According to a preliminary survey, in sandy loam jasmine fields along the river in Hengxian, the pest population per mu can be more than 20,000 in heavily infested fields. The citrus grey weevil is known to damage: citrus, tea, jasmine, and others.
1. Control methods for the citrus grey weevil
a. Manual capture and killing: This insect has no hind wings, cannot fly, moves slowly, and has a strong death-feigning behavior, so it can be captured manually and killed.
b. Chemical control: It is best to spray during the peak period of adults. The following pesticides can be chosen: 30% Haichongjing 1000x, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin 1000-2000x, or 2.5% Kungfu 1000-2000x solution, and an appropriate amount of dichlorvos can be added for spraying. Highly toxic pesticides such as methamidophos and 1605 should not be used due to their high toxicity and long residual period.
V. Flower thrips
Flower thrips belong to the order Thysanoptera, family Thripidae. This insect damages the corolla and stamens inside the flower, and is most numerous around the ovary, damaging the reproductive organs. After the corolla is damaged, horizontal stripes or dot-like markings appear, and in the most severe cases the corolla can deform, wilt, and even dry up, greatly affecting ornamental value. After the leaves are damaged, silver-gray stripe marks often appear on tender stems and new leaves, or the leaf base is entirely silver-gray, causing leaf drop and affecting growth vigor.
1. Life habits
There are 11-14 generations per year, with overlapping generations. It overwinters as adults. Adults have strong phototaxis. In the stamens of flowers with a slight fragrance and larger corollas, there can be dozens to hundreds of adults and nymphs. Eggs are mostly laid in petals, filaments and young leaves, and the egg-laying site is slightly swollen or slightly raised, which can be checked against light. Each female lays 77-248 eggs, and the egg-laying period lasts 20-50 days.
2. Control methods for flower thrips
Use chemical control. Spray 2.5% rotenone emulsifiable concentrate 500-800x solution, or 3% pyrethrin emulsifiable concentrate 800-1000x solution, or 50% fenitrothion emulsifiable concentrate 1000x solution, or 20% fenvalerate emulsifiable concentrate 1000-2000x solution, or 25% quinalphos emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500x solution, or 10% Yashijing ultra-micro wettable powder 3000-5000x solution.
VI. Cotton red spider mite
The cotton red spider mite is also called the two-spotted spider mite or cotton leaf mite. It belongs to the order Trombidiformes, family Tetranychidae, and is an important pest mite. The cotton red spider mite has a broad diet, strong reproductive capacity, and spreads quickly. It can damage dozens of plants, including corn, melons, beans, vegetables, trees and weeds. Jasmine is one of the plants it commonly damages. This mite uses adult mites, young mites and nymph mites to pierce and suck host sap on the underside of jasmine leaves or on flower buds, causing chlorosis on damaged leaves, with leaf color noticeably turning white, and in severe cases turning yellow, even showing rust-like spots. Damaged flower buds become smaller and shrunken, or fail to open, greatly affecting flower yield and quality.
The cotton red spider mite can move with water flow, spread by wind, and also disperse by crawling short distances. Generally speaking, dry climate and high temperature favor its reproduction and damage. The optimum temperature for its occurrence is 29-31°C, and the relative humidity is 35%-55%. If the air humidity exceeds 70%, its reproduction will be inhibited. The cotton red spider mite has many natural enemies, such as green lacewings, predatory mites, predatory thrips, ladybugs, and others, all of which play a good role in controlling the cotton red spider mite.
Control methods for the cotton red spider mite
1. Agricultural control (1) Remove weeds in the field and at the edges, combine with pruning, remove diseased leaves, clear fallen leaves, burn or dispose of them, which can eliminate overwintering sources and reduce occurrence and damage. (2) Strengthen water and fertilizer management to enhance the plant's insect resistance. Maintain humidity to worsen the living environment for the cotton red spider mite.
2. Chemical control You can choose 24.5% Duochongmanding or 1.8% Chongmanke 2000x diluted solution, or 50% tricyclohexyltin hydroxide wettable powder 1500x diluted solution, or 75% propargite emulsifiable concentrate 1000x diluted solution, or 35% Saidan emulsifiable concentrate 3000x diluted solution, or 50% Apollo 4000x diluted solution for spraying, and spray once more after 7 days.
VII. Snails
Snails belong to mollusks, not insects. Taxonomically they belong to the class Gastropoda, order Stylommatophora, family Bradybaenidae. They are commonly called water buffalo, sky snail, hard-shelled insect. Common ones in farmland include Bradybaena similaris and Bradybaena ravida, with Bradybaena similaris being dominant. Snails have a very mixed diet. Besides jasmine, they damage vegetables, beans, hemp, tobacco, tea, cotton, green manure, bananas, fruit trees, weeds, and others. On jasmine, from the newly sprouted bud tips to the grown branches, young leaves, old leaves, and even branch stems, all are damaged. They often gather to feed, eating young buds bare or biting off the cortex of branches, causing entire branches to wither, or biting leaves into notches, holes, and tatters, seriously affecting yield.
Snail control methods: agricultural and manual control
1. Frequently clean the field, sweep and burn dead branches and fallen leaves on the crop ground. In particular, branches and leaves pruned before winter are one of the places that provide overwintering sites for snails and must not be left in the garden to overwinter.
2. Between April and May and between September and October is the snail egg-laying season. In combination with intertillage and weeding, turn over and sun-expose the surface soil around the crop roots to kill the eggs.
3. During the peak activity period of snails, in the morning and evening or on cloudy days, when they are largely exposed and feeding, carry out manual capture.
Pesticide control: You can choose 30% Chuwote, using 100-500 grams per mu, with bait (corn flour, wheat bran, peanut cake, etc.) 2-3 kg, add water and stir into small granules for application. It can be applied in strips or in holes, and the control effect is very good. You can also use Wokexing 300-500 grams per mu, 6% Mida 350 grams per mu, 10% snail enemy 1000 grams per mu, mix with dry fine soil or fine sand and evenly broadcast on the crops and ground where snails are active in the evening, or dissolve in warm water and splash-apply or use a water jet to apply. Use 70% Bailuosha wettable powder 1000x diluted solution for spraying and killing. If it rains after application, apply once more. Or use lime powder for broadcasting, 3-5 kg per mu.
The above are several relatively common jasmine pests introduced by Qinong Net for everyone. The parts they damage are also different, so when observing, note that you cannot stop only at the leaves or flowers; branches and stems are also targets of some pests. It is best to achieve prevention first and treatment second. If the jasmine in your home is suffering from pests, you may wish to refer to this article prepared by Qinong Net for everyone, and perhaps it can help you solve the problem you are facing.