What are the functions and effects of microbial fertilizers
Microbial fertilizer is actually a kind of bacterial agent. This type of microbial bacterial agent can provide one or more microbial communities beneficial to crop growth. Because microbial bacterial agents used in agriculture are often mixed with substrates with high organic matter content such as turf, peat, and organic fertilizers, it is customary to call microbial bacterial agents microbial fertilizers. Now let us take a look at the functions of microbial fertilizers!
Can increase yield
Practice has proved that the specific fertilizer effect of microbial fertilizers not only provides nutrient elements for crops, but their effective bacteria can also secrete active substances such as gibberellin, cytokinin, and auxin, stimulating, regulating, and promoting crop growth and development, which is conducive to increasing crop yield.
Can improve quality
Microbial fertilizers can effectively improve the quality of agricultural products. Agricultural products harvested after applying microbial fertilizers have significantly higher contents of beneficial components such as protein, sugar, vitamins, and amino acids. The grains and fruits are plump and smooth, and vegetables and fruits are bright in color. They are both delicious and good-looking, and also have higher value. Some microbial fertilizer products can also reduce the accumulation of nitrate and improve the safety of agricultural products.
Enhance stress resistance
Most effective bacteria in microbial fertilizers have the function of secreting antibiotic substances and various active enzymes. They can inhibit or kill pathogenic bacteria, reduce the occurrence of diseases, and enhance crop stress resistance, such as enhancing crops' drought resistance, cold tolerance, lodging resistance, disease prevention, and saline-alkali resistance. At the same time, they can also effectively prevent the occurrence of physiological diseases in crops.
Improve chemical fertilizer utilization rate
Most effective bacteria in microbial fertilizers can decompose organic matter in the soil. During the decomposition of organic matter, humic acid is generated. Humic acid combines with nitrogen in the soil to form ammonium humate, which can reduce the loss of nitrogen fertilizer. Potassium-dissolving and phosphate-solubilizing effective bacteria can decompose and convert chemical potassium fertilizer and chemical phosphate fertilizer fixed in the soil into available potassium and available phosphorus, improve their utilization rate, reduce production input, and reduce resource waste.
Improve soil nutrients
Effective bacteria in microbial fertilizers can promote the dissolution and release of insoluble nutrients in the soil and improve the soil's nutrient supply capacity. The extracellular polysaccharide substances secreted by effective bacteria are binders for soil aggregate structure. They can enhance soil aggregate structure, loosen the soil, improve soil permeability and water and fertilizer retention capacity, increase soil organic matter, activate potential nutrients in the soil, and improve the supply status of nutrients in the soil.
Precautions for use
1. Use up as soon as possible after opening the bag: After opening the bag, other bacteria and the like will invade, causing changes in the microbial flora and affecting the use effect. Therefore, microbial fertilizers should be used as soon as possible after opening the bag, avoiding the situation of not being used for a long time.
2. Avoid use under high temperature and drought: In high temperature and drought weather, the reproduction and survival of microorganisms are affected, so they cannot fully exert their effect, and the fertilization effect will also be discounted.
3. Do not mix with undecomposed farmyard manure: During the composting process of undecomposed organic compost, a large amount of heat will be generated, and microorganisms will be killed by the high temperature, affecting the fertility of the microbial fertilizer. At the same time, also pay attention to avoiding mixing with fertilizers that are too acidic or too alkaline.
4. Avoid using at the same time as pesticides: If the two are used at the same time, the efficacy of the chemical fertilizer and pesticide will inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, and in serious cases will also kill the microorganisms.