Clever use of fertilizers can effectively reduce crop diseases
Research and practice have proven that using chemical or organic fertilizers to control crop pests and diseases is not only economical, safe and effective, but also saves pesticides, while at the same time having a fertilizing effect and the characteristics of not harming natural enemies and not polluting the environment. It can be said to achieve multiple benefits at once and is well worth promoting in production. Nitrogen fertilizer: 1. Ammonium bicarbonate...
Research and practice have proven that using chemical or organic fertilizers to control crop pests and diseases is not only economical, safe and effective, but also saves pesticides, while at the same time having a fertilizing effect and the characteristics of not harming natural enemies and not polluting the environment. It can be said to achieve multiple benefits at once and is well worth promoting in production.
Nitrogen fertilizer: 1. Ammonium-form nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia water have relatively strong volatility and have a certain stimulating, corrosive and fumigating effect on pests, especially with better results against small-bodied, low-endurance pests such as red spiders, aphids and thrips. Application method: Spray evenly with a 1% ammonium bicarbonate or 0.5% ammonia water solution, once every 5-7 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays. 2. Urea has the effect of destroying insect chitin. The "washing-urea mixture" prepared by mixing urea, laundry detergent and water in a ratio of 4:1:400 has good control effects on many pests harmful to cotton, vegetables and flowers, such as aphids, cabbage caterpillars and red spiders. 3. When wheat rust occurs sporadically, spraying with 50% fresh urine or a 3% ammonium sulfate aqueous solution has good results.
Phosphate fertilizer: Application method: 1. The oxalic acid secreted by the glandular hairs on cotton tender tips has an attracting effect on cotton bollworm moths. During the adult occurrence period of cotton bollworm, using a 1-2% superphosphate extract as a foliar fertilizer spray can turn oxalic acid into calcium oxalate and cause it to lose its attractiveness to cotton bollworm. In this way, the egg drop in cotton fields can be reduced by 33.3%-73.4%, with an average of 55%, and the residual effect of each phosphorus spray is generally 2-3 days. 2. Tomato blossom-end rot is a physiological disease caused by calcium deficiency in the plant. Starting from the early flowering stage of tomato, spray once every half month with a 1% superphosphate extract, for 2-3 consecutive sprays, and the disease prevention effect is relatively obvious.
Potassium fertilizer: Potassium can enhance crop stress resistance, and increasing potassium fertilizer application has an inhibitory effect on many crop pests and diseases. According to reports, among 740 fungal diseases and 68 bacterial diseases, those whose damage was reduced by potassium accounted for 71% and 75% respectively; among 230 pests (mites), 59% showed reduced damage effects. In production, the potassium fertilizer most directly used to control crop pests and diseases is plant ash. Application method: 1. Use 10 kg of plant ash, add 50 kg of water, soak for 24 hours and then filter, and spray the filtrate, which can effectively kill aphids on crops; 2. Before trench planting onions, garlic or chives, use 20 kg of plant ash per mu, apply it at the bottom of the trench, or during the seedling stage of vegetables such as onions, garlic and chives, broadcast 15 kg of plant ash per mu and then immediately hoe and cover with soil, which can significantly reduce the damage of root maggots and increase vegetable yield by 15-20%; 3. When wheat sheath blight first occurs, use 30-40 kg of plant ash per mu, spread it along the rows at the base of the wheat plants while the morning dew is not yet dry, which has a certain effect on controlling the spread of the disease; for fruit trees with root rot, first dig away the soil at the roots, scrape off the diseased root bark, let it dry slightly, then bury 2.5-5 kg of plant ash per tree. After about 1-2 months, the diseased tree can grow new roots.