Detailed Explanation of Rose Propagation Methods and Cultivation Techniques
Rose Propagation Methods: Rose propagation methods can be divided into sexual propagation and asexual propagation. The main cultivated varieties in production - Pingyin double-petaled red rose, abundant-flower rose, purple-branch rose and other double-petaled varieties - are all propagated by asexual propagation. Asexual propagation includes division, root burial, grafting and softwood cuttings, with the most widely used...
Rose Propagation Methods:
Rose propagation methods can be divided into sexual propagation and asexual propagation. The main cultivated varieties in production - Pingyin double-petaled red rose, abundant-flower rose, purple-branch rose and other double-petaled varieties - are all propagated by asexual propagation. Asexual propagation includes division, root burial, grafting and softwood cuttings, with grafting being the most widely used.
1. Grafting time: It can be carried out in early spring before the roses sprout in mid-March, in summer during July and August when the rose axillary buds form, and in mid-autumn during mid-to-late September after the roses stop growing. However, the early spring grafting window is short with a low survival rate, and autumn grafting will only produce seedlings the following year, so the main grafting time is July and August in summer.
2. Selection and cultivation of rootstock: Using red ten-sisters rose, modern Chinese rose, and western rose as rootstock gives strong grafting compatibility, a high survival rate, fast growth after planting, and high yield. Rootstock cuttings can be taken in spring, summer, and autumn, with mid-September to mid-October in autumn being the best. Select current-year rose branches with a diameter of more than 0.5 cm and well-developed, cut them into 15-20 cm cuttings, and cut the lower end into a horseshoe-shaped slanted surface. Plant them at a plant spacing of 10-15 cm and a row spacing of 20-30 cm in a seedbed that has been deeply plowed, leveled, and given sufficient base fertilizer, with the planting depth such that 1/3 is exposed above ground. After planting, water thoroughly.
3. Grafting and management mainly use the bud grafting method for grafting. Select plump buds from the middle and upper parts of rose branches sprouted in the current year as the grafting buds, and bud grafting methods such as "single door", "double door", and "T-shape" can be used. "Single door" and "T-shape" are suitable for thicker rootstock. When grafting, first peel off the thorns at the base of the rootstock, and make an opening 3-5 cm from the ground, with the size of the opening preferably the same as the size of the grafting bud. Under suitable conditions, it can heal 7 days after grafting. When the grafting bud sprouts 10-15 days later, remove the binding material; removing it too early can easily cause the "returning bud" phenomenon. After the grafting bud has completely healed, the rootstock can be cut, and the rose rootstock sprouts should be promptly and frequently removed to facilitate the growth of the grafting bud.