What are the common diseases in orchid cultivation and their prevention and treatment methods?
What diseases need to be prevented and treated in orchid cultivation? Please advise. There are quite a few diseases that need to be prevented and treated in orchid cultivation, and they are listed in detail below for your reference: 1. Orchid anthracnose: also known as brown spot disease, mainly harms orchid leaves. Its symptoms are oval-shaped lesions appearing on the leaf surface, growing from small to large and turning from yellow to black, and in severe cases rotting in continuous patches. ...
What diseases need to be prevented and treated in orchid cultivation? Please adviseThere are quite a few diseases that need to be prevented and treated in orchid cultivation, and they are listed in detail below for your reference:
1. Orchid anthracnose:Also known as brown spot disease, it mainly harms orchid leaves. Its symptoms are oval-shaped lesions appearing on the leaf surface, growing from small to large and turning from yellow to black, and in severe cases rotting in continuous patches. It mostly occurs during the plum rain season, and is most prevalent when humidity is above 80% and the weather is hot and stuffy. When it is discovered, immediately cut off the diseased leaves, burn them in a centralized manner, clean up the surrounding environment, strengthen ventilation, reduce humidity, and then spray with 800-fold carbendazim solution, or 600-fold Tanshimei solution. Spray once every 10 to 15 days, for 2 to 3 times in succession, and it can achieve an inhibitory effect.
2. Orchid soft rot: It mostly occurs from April to May. Because rainwater carrying bacteria enters the young growing point, small water-soaked spots appear, changing from brownish yellow to black, and even causing death with a foul odor. When it occurs, promptly move the plant to a ventilated place with less moisture, use medicinal cotton to absorb the water from the bud core, and spray with 1% Bordeaux mixture or 500-fold chlorothalonil solution, once every 10 to 15 days, spraying several times in succession.
3. Orchid root rot:It mostly occurs under high temperature and high humidity. When the potting soil is waterlogged, the soil is compacted, acidity is relatively high, and fertilizer is applied too strongly, Fusarium takes the opportunity to invade the roots, causing the roots to gradually rot, and the plant dies because it cannot absorb nutrients. If discovered in the early stage, repot quickly, dump out all the growing medium, cut off the rotten roots and withered leaves, soak the entire orchid plant in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for about 15 minutes, take it out, wash it clean and let it dry, then use "Cugen Sheng" diluted with clean water at 3000 times, soak the orchid plant thoroughly for 30 minutes and then let it dry, replant it in renewed growing medium, and place it in a ventilated spot.
4. Orchid southern blight:During hot and humid seasons, the mycelium of the pathogen first invades from the pseudobulb or the base, and then harms the roots. After the disease occurs, the leaves gradually turn yellow and dry up from bottom to top, and white silky fungal strands wrap around the surface, slowly spreading to the whole plant. Any orchid root infected with this disease becomes hollow in the middle, leaving only fibrous tissue, showing a dry-death phenomenon of broken leaves and broken roots.
To prevent the occurrence of southern blight, choose clean and sterilized growing medium before planting, and do not apply overly concentrated organic fertilizer. Soak the diseased plant in 600-fold Baijunling solution for 20 minutes, then wash it clean with water and let it dry, then soak it thoroughly with "Cugen Sheng" diluted 3000 times in clean water for 20 minutes, replant it, and place it in another location, isolated from normal orchids that are not diseased, to prevent transmission.
5. Orchid sunscald:In places lacking shade, after orchids are exposed to intense summer sunlight, some of the chlorophyll in the leaf mesophyll is damaged by the exposure and dies, and then the pathogen invades and causes pathological changes, with the symptoms mostly appearing as brown or black spots. Prevention and treatment methods focus on strengthening shading facilities, especially preventing exposure to fierce midday sunlight.
6. Orchid leaves turning yellow or leaf tips drying up:These are not necessarily all caused by pathogens; most are physiological phenomena that appear due to poor cultivation and management. This requires attention to methods such as improving water and fertilizer conditions, regulating spatial temperature and humidity, and frequent ventilation to solve the problem.
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