Apply organic fertilizer in moderation, and never apply it blindly in excess.
Composting with microbial agents, compared with traditional composting, has the characteristics of being convenient to ferment, saving labor and time, having low cost, and providing high fertilizer efficiency. The specific method is to use roadsides, field edges and abandoned pits and ponds, add water, urea and microbial agents to wheat and corn straw in a certain proportion, pile them layer by layer, then seal them tightly with soil or mud for decomposition...
For a long time, people have blamed soil degradation entirely on the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, and further believed that applying more organic fertilizer can both increase crop yield and quality and nourish and enrich the soil. Therefore, in recent years, many vegetable growers have spared no expense to greatly increase the application of organic fertilizer, and some vegetable growers have applied more than 40 cubic meters of chicken manure to one mu of greenhouse land. What they do not realize is that excessive application of organic fertilizer can also affect the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and in severe cases can lead to a series of adverse consequences, such as the accumulation of soil salinity, which affects crop growth. Moreover, excessive input of organic fertilizer can also lead to the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables, which does not meet the requirements of standardized vegetable production. More seriously, excessive application of organic fertilizers such as urban waste contaminated with heavy metals can also cause heavy metal pollution of soil and vegetables.So, how should organic fertilizer be applied in a scientific and reasonable way? The author believes the following points should be noted:
Pay attention to selecting high-quality organic fertilizer. High-quality organic fertilizer is the foundation for high-quality and high-yield vegetables, but most of the organic fertilizer currently used by vegetable growers is purchased commercial fertilizer, and the quality is generally low. Some is even mixed with urban sludge, household waste, and so on, and simply does not meet the standard for organic matter content. Even some purchased chicken manure is mixed with soil, or has been adulterated by unscrupulous traders with caustic soda (used to increase volume). The effect of applying these low-quality organic fertilizers to the soil can be imagined. Therefore, in production, high-quality organic fertilizer must be selected, and when choosing commercial organic fertilizer, it is best to choose products produced by regular large manufacturers.
Strictly control the amount of fertilizer applied. Since applying more organic fertilizer is harmful rather than beneficial, we should control its dosage in future production. So, exactly how much should be applied per mu of vegetable land to meet the needs of vegetable production? The author believes that under normal circumstances, applying 15-20 cubic meters of pure chicken manure and 35-40 cubic meters of rice husk manure per mu of vegetable land is appropriate. Solanaceous and fruit vegetables have a relatively large fertilizer requirement, so the upper limit can be used. Leafy vegetables require slightly less fertilizer, so the lower limit can be used.
Applying it together with biological fertilizer gives good results. Whether organic fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer or as a top dressing with irrigation, it is best to use it together with biological fertilizer. Why should it be used together with biological fertilizer? Because after organic fertilizer is applied with irrigation together with biological fertilizer, the biological bacteria in the biological fertilizer can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter in the organic fertilizer, making it more conducive to crop absorption, and at the same time can decompose and transform some harmful substances in the organic fertilizer, avoiding harm to vegetables. Therefore, when applying organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, 150-200 kg of biological fertilizer can be applied per mu, and when applying it with irrigation, 20-25 kg of biological fertilizer can be applied per mu each time, for better results.