What are the benefits of using organic fertilizer in combination?
Organic fertilizer is an indispensable source of nutrients in vegetable production. It plays an important role in building soil fertility, supplying nutrients and improving the quality of vegetable products, and it is receiving increasing attention in pollution-free vegetable production. However, there are still some misconceptions in the application of organic fertilizer at present, so the author puts forward some application...
1. It can improve fertilizer efficiency. Fertilizers such as superphosphate and trace elements become fixed by the soil and ineffective after being applied. When mixed with organic fertilizer, because the contact surface with the soil is reduced, nutrient fixation is reduced, and organic fertilizer can also increase the solubility of phosphate rock, especially under paddy field conditions. After many chemical fertilizers are mixed with organic fertilizer, the chemical fertilizers can be absorbed and retained by the organic fertilizer, reducing losses. In addition, mixing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizer can also promote the decomposition of organic fertilizer and improve fertilizer efficiency. Tests show that using chemical fertilizers together with organic fertilizer can not only lower the soil redox potential and reduce the nitrification of ammonia, but also reduce the volatilization loss of nitrogen. Generally, it can increase the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate by 10%-15%.2. It can reduce some possible adverse side effects of chemical fertilizers. When a relatively large amount of chemical fertilizer is applied alone or chemical fertilizers are applied unevenly, the soil solution concentration is high, which affects crop water uptake and may even damage roots; if it is mixed with organic fertilizer, this problem will not occur. In addition, if physiologically acidic fertilizers are applied alone for a long time, the soil will become acidic, producing excessive harmful substances such as active iron and active aluminum, causing toxicity to crops. Mixed application with organic fertilizer can increase the buffering capacity of the soil and prevent soil acidification. For another example, some superphosphate contains too much free acid, which can affect seed germination and seedling growth when used as seed fertilizer; adding organic fertilizer neutralizes the free acid and can reduce harm to seeds.
3. It can increase crop nutrition. Organic fertilizer contains relatively complete nutrients, has a stable and long-lasting fertilizer effect, and contains much organic matter, so it can increase the organic matter content of the soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil. It can not only supply crops, but also supply soil microorganisms with nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as vitamins and growth hormones. After organic fertilizer is applied, soil enzyme activity is enhanced, which is conducive to nutrient transformation. For example, mixing organic fertilizer with superphosphate or magnesium superphosphate can promote the growth of free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil and increase the nitrogen nutrition of crops. According to tests, after 3 years of using chemical fertilizers together with organic fertilizer, the organic matter content of the plot was 0.08%-0.11% higher than that of the plot where chemical fertilizers were applied alone, ammonifying bacteria increased by 260%, aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria increased by 119%, and cellulose-decomposing bacteria increased by 600%.
4. When returning straw to the field and applying undecomposed organic fertilizer, adding chemical nitrogen fertilizer can avoid affecting crop growth due to early nitrogen deficiency, while the supply rate needs to be slow, and cereal crops need both nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen during the maturity stage; organic fertilizer can achieve this.