Methods and Key Technical Points for Applying Phosphate Fertilizer in Orchards
In spring and summer, the periods before and after flowering of fruit trees are stages prone to various diseases (physiological diseases and pathogen toxin diseases). At this stage, in addition to necessary chemical prevention, timely application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is also a good choice. However, many fruit growers tend to apply only nitrogen fertilizers (such as urea, high-nitrogen...
Phosphate fertilizer is essential for the growth and development of fruit trees. More than 60% of the soil in North China is deficient in phosphorus. To achieve high yields in orchards, phosphate fertilizer needs to be supplemented, but the following should be noted: 1. Phosphate fertilizer is a slow-release fertilizer and should be mixed with base fertilizer after leaf fall in autumn for good results. Generally, each tree in an orchard should be given 250 kg of farmyard manure, mixed with 3-4 kg of superphosphate. In addition, 0.4%-0.5% monopotassium phosphate can be sprayed 2-3 times in the mid-to-late growth stage of fruit trees as a supplement to the underground base fertilizer. 2. Phosphate fertilizer should be mixed with nitrogen fertilizer, which can not only reduce nitrogen volatilization and loss but also reduce phosphorus fixation. Mixed application of nitrogen and phosphorus can increase fertilizer efficiency by 69%-73% compared with single application. Applying nitrogen or phosphate fertilizer alone easily causes an imbalance in the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio, preventing both nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers from fully exerting their effects. 3. Phosphorus is easily fixed in the soil. To give full play to fertilizer efficiency, phosphate fertilizer should be mixed with organic fertilizer (pen manure, horse and cattle manure, etc.) when applied, reducing the chance of contact between phosphate fertilizer and soil, thereby improving phosphorus availability and also improving the quality of the organic fertilizer. When applying, crush and mix the two fertilizers thoroughly and apply them together.