Pond renovation is important: winter aquaculture management techniques

Aquaculture

    Entering winter, aquaculture is basically in a rest period, the most leisurely season of the year's farming process, but this does not mean that the work during this period is unimportant. If management during this period is not taken seriously enough, it will greatly affect the farming benefits of the coming year. Therefore, the following management techniques should be carefully carried out in winter aquaculture.

    1. Renovation and pond clearing. For ponds that have already been drained, excessive pond mud should be removed in time, winter repairs should be carried out where reinforcement and leak patching are needed, and then thorough pond clearing and disinfection should be carried out. Quicklime can be used to splash the whole pond, 75 kg/mu for dry ponds and 150 kg/mu for ponds with water.

    2. Pond merging and classification. For ponds used to raise fingerlings, pond merging should be carried out early, and various fingerlings should be classified and separately raised in different fish ponds, which facilitates future catching and selling of fingerlings and also reduces mechanical injury to the fingerlings.

    3. Stocking fingerlings. For ponds that have been dried in winter, fingerlings should be stocked early. Stocking fingerlings in winter makes them less likely to be injured, transport is safer, and the survival rate is higher. When stocking fingerlings, they should be disinfected, generally by soaking in 3-5% salt water for 5 minutes.

    4. Feeding feed. Entering winter, most farmers stop feeding, thinking that fish will not eat at this time, but in fact this is a wrong practice. According to expert experiments, when the water temperature is above 8 degrees, most fish will feed. Therefore, feed should still be given in winter, preferably some compound feed with comprehensive nutrition, but the amount should not be too much. Generally, feed once every 2-3 days at noon, with a daily feeding amount of 0.5%-1.0% of the pond fish body weight. If there is continuous fine weather, the feeding amount can be appropriately increased. This is very beneficial for fish overwintering.

    5. Fish disease prevention and control. Fish disease prevention and control should follow the policy of "prevent before disease occurs, treat early when disease occurs." Generally, the feeding area should be disinfected once every about 15 days. If bleaching powder is used for disinfection, the amount used is 0.5-0.75 kg. At the same time, residual bait and residue in the feeding area should be removed regularly. Strengthen pond patrols and promptly diagnose and treat fish diseases when found.

    6. Water quality regulation. In winter, the water temperature is relatively low. Raise the water level to about 2 m. When the water level drops by 20 cm, new water should be added in time to maintain relative stability of the water level and water temperature. Change the water once every about 20 days, changing 10%-20% each time, and maintain transparency at 30-40 cm. Use quicklime once every 20-30 d, with an amount of 10-15 kg/667 sq m, to adjust the pH to 7.5-8.5. Turn on the aerator at noon on sunny days for 2-3 h to keep the dissolved oxygen in the pond water above 5 mg/l.