How can chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure be applied together for the best results?
How should chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure be applied together? Please explain. When farmers apply chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure, there are two incorrect tendencies: first, applying large amounts of chemical fertilizers and relying on them to increase yields. Although this increases grain yields, it greatly reduces the soil organic matter content, causing soil compaction and bringing a relatively large impact on the production of the next crop...
How should chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure be applied together? Please explain.
When farmers apply chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure, there are two incorrect tendencies: first, applying large amounts of chemical fertilizers and relying on them to increase yields. Although this increases grain yields, it greatly reduces the soil organic matter content, causing soil compaction and bringing a relatively large impact on the production of the next crop; second, applying only farmyard manure or very little chemical fertilizer. Although this improves soil fertility and lowers production costs, the grain yield is not high. Practice has proven that to increase grain yields year after year and make the soil more fertile the more it is cropped, the path of rationally applying chemical fertilizers together with farmyard manure must be taken.
1. Application time. Farmyard manure takes effect slowly, so it should be applied early, generally as a one-time basal application before sowing; chemical fertilizers are used in smaller amounts and take effect quickly, so they should generally be applied about 7 days before the peak period of crop nutrient uptake.
2. Application method. Farmyard manure should be applied into the soil plough layer together with deep ploughing, or placed into the bottom of the ridge together with ridge formation. Of the nitrogen fertilizer matched with farmyard manure, 30% should be used as basal fertilizer and 70% as topdressing, while phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer should be applied all at once.
3. Application rate. When chemical fertilizers and farmyard manure are used together, the rates can vary according to the crop and soil fertility. For example, when planting corn on poor soil, 4 cubic m of farmyard manure, 24 kg of urea, and 13 kg of phosphate fertilizer can be applied per mu, or 13 kg of compound fertilizer with 15% each of three nutrients. On medium-fertility soil, 3 cubic m of farmyard manure and 20 kg of urea can be applied, or 12 kg of compound fertilizer with 15% each of three nutrients. On high-fertility soil, 2.5 cubic m of organic fertilizer and 15 kg of urea can be applied. Urea is more effective when used as topdressing, while compound fertilizer is best used as basal fertilizer.
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