How to deal with lily plants affected by damping-off disease

The lily (detailed introduction) is a perennial herbaceous bulbous plant of the genus Lilium in the family Liliaceae, native to China, with at least 120 varieties found worldwide. Lily damping-off disease damages the lily bulbs and root system, causing the bulbs to rot, the roots to die off, and the plant finally to wither and die while still standing upright. So what should be done once lily damping-off disease is discovered?

Lily (detailed introduction)

First, before planting, care must be taken to select disease-free bulbs and soak them in a clarified 0.1% lime solution for 8-10 minutes for disinfection.

Second, during field management, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied additionally, avoiding the one-sided application of nitrogen fertilizer, in order to improve disease resistance. Generally, apply 20 g to 30 g of monopotassium phosphate or high-efficiency biological phosphorus-potassium fertilizer to the roots of each plant once a month, or drench with decomposed human and livestock manure water at 2-3 kg of water per plant.

Third, once the disease appears in the field, promptly drench the roots with a 600-fold dexon aqueous solution or a 1000-fold copper sulfate aqueous solution, drenching once every 7-10 days for 2-3 consecutive times, with 2-3 kg of the solution per plant each time.

Control methods for broad bean damping-off disease

Damping-off disease harms crops including many vegetables of the Brassicaceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Apiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Asteraceae, Liliaceae and other families. Below we mainly introduce the control methods for broad bean damping-off disease.

Control methods for broad bean damping-off disease

(1) Crop rotation: rotation with wheat, barley, etc. for 3-5 years is advocated, avoiding continuous cropping with rice.

(2) Sow at the right time. Spring broad beans should be sown somewhat late, and winter broad beans should avoid late sowing.

(3) Strengthen field management, avoid soil that is too dry or too wet, increase the application of superphosphate, and improve the disease resistance of the host.

(4) Seed treatment: dress the seeds with 40% seed-dressing bis powder or 50% thiram wettable powder at 0.3% of the seed weight.

(5) For the seedling bed, mix 40% quintozene powder and 50% thiram wettable powder at 1:1, and mix 8 g per sq m with 10-15 kg of fine soil; before sowing, use 1/3 to line the bottom and 2/3 to cover the seeds.

(6) Starting from the early stage of the disease, spray 58% metalaxyl-mancozeb wettable powder at 500-fold, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 600-700-fold, 20% tolclofos-methyl emulsifiable concentrate at 1100-1200-fold, 72.2% propamocarb water-soluble liquid at 600-fold, 5% validamycin aqueous solution at 40-50 rag/kg, once every 7 days, for 1 or 2 treatments.

Lily pest and disease control methods The uses of lilies

Lilies are often placed in living rooms purely for decoration, and the bulbs of lilies are rich in starch, some of which can even be eaten as a vegetable. So what are the pest and disease control methods for lilies? Below we explain the pest and disease control methods for lilies and the uses of lilies.

Lily pest and disease control methods

Common diseases include cottony rot, damping-off, viral disease, leaf blight, and black stem disease.

Control

(1) Do a good job of disinfecting the bulbs, (2) rotate crops and change plots, (3) clear ditches and drain water, (4) remove weeds, (5) increase the application of P and K fertilizers, pull up diseased plants and burn them, and spray with carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, or zineb 3-4 times.

Lily blight

It is one of the common diseases of lilies, occurring heavily in rainy years, causing the stems and leaves to rot and seriously affecting bulb yield. The pathogen can attack stems, leaves, flowers and scales. After the base of the stem is damaged, it becomes water-soaked and constricted, causing the whole plant to wilt and die rapidly. When leaves are affected, the lesions are water-soaked, light brown, and form irregular large spots. In severe cases, flowers, pedicels and scales can all be damaged, causing the affected parts to discolour and rot.

Control methods:

(1) Practise crop rotation;

(2) Choose plots with good drainage and loose soil for cultivation, or use high beds with deep furrows or raised-ridge cultivation, and require the bed surface to be level to facilitate drainage;

(3) Before planting, soak the bulbs in 1:500 thiram or in 40% formalin diluted with 50 parts water for 15 minutes;

(4) Strengthen field management, pay attention to opening ditches for drainage; adopt formula fertilization techniques, appropriately increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, improve disease resistance, and make the seedlings grow vigorously;

(5) Spray 1:2:200 Bordeaux mixture once before emergence, and spray 50% carbendazim at 800-fold 2-3 times after emergence to protect the seedlings; at the early stage of the disease, spray 40% fosetyl-aluminium wettable powder at 250-fold, or 58% metalaxyl-mancozeb wettable powder, 64% oxadixyl-mancozeb wettable powder at 500-fold, 72% Dupont Curzate wettable powder at 800-fold. After the disease occurs, promptly pull up diseased plants, burn them in a centralized way or bury them deeply, and treat the diseased area with 50% lime milk.

Viral disease

Affected plants show yellowing of leaves or the appearance of yellow spots and yellow streaks, acute leaf drop, poor plant growth, and stunting. Flower buds turn yellow and fail to open, and in severe cases the plant withers and dies.

Control methods:

(1) Breed disease-resistant varieties or propagate from disease-free bulbs; where conditions permit, set up disease-free seed-production plots, and promptly remove diseased plants when found;

(2) Strengthen field management, appropriately increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, so that the plants grow vigorously and their disease resistance is enhanced; during the growing period, promptly spray 10% imidacloprid wettable powder at 1500-fold or 50% pirimicarb ultra-fine wettable powder at 2000-fold to control the virus-transmitting aphids and reduce the spread of pests and diseases.

(3) At the early stage of the disease, spray 20% dulexing wettable powder at 500-600-fold or 0.5% antiviral agent No. 1 aqueous solution at 500-fold, once every 7-10 days, for 3 consecutive sprays.

Control of grey mould

(1) Use healthy, disease-free bulbs for propagation; fields or greenhouses should be ventilated and let light through, avoid planting too densely, and promote vigorous plants to increase disease resistance.

(2) In winter or after harvest, promptly remove diseased and residual plants and burn them, promptly pick off diseased leaves and remove diseased flowers to reduce the source of the pathogen.

(3) Starting from the early stage of the disease, spray 30% basic copper sulfate suspension at 400-fold, or 36% thiophanate-methyl suspension at 500-fold, 60% Fangmeibao No. 2 water-soluble powder at 700-800-fold, 50% procymidone wettable powder at 2000-fold, 50% iprodione wettable powder at 1000-1500-fold. To prevent resistance, rational rotation and alternating use should be advocated, and spraying should stop 3 days before harvest.

Control of bacterial soft rot

(1) Choose plots with good drainage for planting lilies.

(2) When necessary, spray 30% Ludebao suspension at 400-fold, or 47% kasugamycin-copper wettable powder at 800-fold, 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder at 4000-fold.

Control of base rot

(1) Apply decomposed organic fertilizer to inhibit harmful microorganisms in the soil.

(2) Rational crop rotation. Promptly remove diseased plants. Keep ventilation and avoid high humidity and excessive heat.

(3) Disinfect the bulbs: soak them in 40% formalin at 120-fold for 35 hours, with obvious control effect.

(4) Spray 36% thiophanate-methyl suspension at 500-fold, or 58% metalaxyl-mancozeb wettable powder at 500-fold, or 60% Fangmeibao No. 2 water-soluble powder at 800-1000-fold.

The uses of lilies

1. The role of lilies in beautifying the home is beyond doubt. As everyone knows, the lily has long been known as the "fairy in cloud garments"; because of its elegant and pure appearance, Catholicism uses the white lily as the symbol of the Virgin Mary, and the Vatican uses the lily as its national flower. The lily bulb is formed by scales clasped together, taking the meaning of "a hundred years of harmonious union" and "all things to one's liking", and since ancient times in China it has been regarded as an indispensable auspicious flower for weddings. With such symbolic meaning, placing such a flower at home undeniably reflects the owner's elegant and pure home style.

2. Its medicinal value exceeds your imagination. The lily has the effects of nourishing yin and moistening the lungs, and clearing the heart and calming the mind. It is used for chronic cough due to yin deficiency, blood-streaked phlegm, restlessness and palpitations due to deficiency, insomnia and frequent dreaming, and mental fogginess.

3. It can be used in daily meals. The lily has relatively high nutritional value and also relatively high medicinal value. Commonly used lily medicinal diet recipes include honey-steamed lily, lily fragrant rice porridge, lily-codonopsis pig lung soup, lily egg soup, and braised lily with meat; commonly used clinical formulas include Baihe Zhimu Tang, Baihe Dihuang Tang, Baihe Huabu San, dried lily powder, and fresh lily juice. Although the lily is an excellent tonic and a famous food, because it is sweet, cold and moistening in nature, it is contraindicated for anyone with wind-cold cough, loose stools, weak spleen and stomach, prolonged cold-damp retention, or declining kidney yang.

4. Its role in greening the home cannot go unmentioned. We know that the lily is suitable as a plant that can release a light yet refined fragrance, a fragrance that is strong yet does not irritate everyone's sense of smell. Many people choose it when visiting the sick, because it can purify the air in a hospital room, and the same applies at home: keeping lilies at home for a long time lets them absorb odours in the home over the long term, releasing clean oxygen and wafts of delicate fragrance through photosynthesis.