What are the propagation methods for the large-flowered daylily? A detailed explanation

The large-flowered daylily has a short plant height and a long flowering period. It is a polyploid dwarf variety developed through high-tech processing and is very well suited for use as a ground cover plant. Today, the large-flowered daylily is often used to arrange flower beds, road medians and other such places, and is an excellent garden flower that combines foliage and flower viewing. Artificial propagation of the large-flowered daylily can be done by sowing, division, bud separation and tissue culture.

Large-flowered daylily

I. Sowing method:

Sowing is a method for rapidly producing seedlings in large quantities, but because the seed germination rate is low, the seeds must first be soaked to germinate, and they can only be planted out one year after sowing. The seed collection period begins around September each year, and requires plants that grow vigorously, have plump fruit and are free of pests and diseases. Sowing takes place the following spring.

The seedbed should first be given plenty of base fertilizer. The bed is 1.3 to 1.7 m wide and about 30 m long, with drainage ditches dug on both sides. When sowing, open shallow furrows about 3 cm deep every 20 cm, sow the seeds evenly into the furrows, cover with a layer of fine soil, and then spread a thin layer of fine sand. Before emergence, water and weed, and maintain good soil moisture; the seedlings can be lifted and planted in autumn. Each mu of seedbed uses 2.5 kg of seed and can raise 50,000 to 60,000 seedlings.

It is also possible to soak the seeds to promote germination and then sow and raise seedlings in the open field, with a sowing rate of 5 to 7 kg per mu, using flat-ground drilling. Open furrows at a row spacing of 30 cm, about 3 cm deep, and sow one seed every 3 to 5 cm. After the plants grow 2 to 3 leaves, apply one application of dilute human waste. For overwintering, use a small arch shed to protect against the cold, strengthen field management after spring begins, and transplant in August. Seeds collected from the evergreen daylily can be sown directly, or stored at room temperature and then sown.

II. Bud separation method:

Bud separation refers to the small plants on the flower stems of the large-flowered daylily. The flower buds can be cut from the flower stems, and if they are relatively large, they can be further divided before planting. After transplanting, the flower buds can take root within one week. Rooted flower buds can be used to propagate plants, increasing the number planted and ultimately increasing economic returns.

III. Tissue culture method:

Tissue culture uses young leaves, filaments, flower scapes and other organs to cultivate plants. The method is to first induce the young organs to produce callus tissue, then use an appropriate culture medium under suitable conditions of temperature, humidity, light and air to cultivate them into small plantlets. The plantlets are then heeled in into nutrient pots, and after a period of cultivation become seedlings, after which they are planted out. However, this method has not yet been widely accepted.

IV. Division method:

Dividing daylily clumps is the most commonly used propagation method. This method is simple to carry out, the plants survive easily, and growth is relatively uniform. For division, the entire mother clump can be dug out and replanted separately; or part of the plants can be dug out from one side of the mother clump to serve as seedlings, while the remainder is left to continue growing.

Division is mostly carried out in spring before budding or in autumn after leaf fall. If divided and transplanted in spring, the plants can send up scapes and bloom the same year; if divided and transplanted in autumn, they can only send up scapes and bloom the following year. When transplanting, choose plants that grow vigorously, have many flower buds, are of good quality and are free of pests and diseases.

When dividing, dig out part of the tillers from the clump to serve as seedlings. The dug-out portion must have roots; cut it apart at the shortened stem, remove the old roots, dead roots and diseased roots, retain the fleshy roots as much as possible, shorten them appropriately (leaving about 10 cm), and then plant them. Planting should be done on a sunny day, digging, dividing and planting the seedlings as you go, injuring the roots as little as possible, so that the plants recover quickly. Generally, divide once every 2 to 3 years to ensure vigorous growth of the plants.

How to grow the large-flowered daylily: precautions for propagating the large-flowered daylily

The large-flowered daylily, also known as the large-bracted daylily, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Hemerocallis in the lily family. It has particular tolerance for alkaline soil and can serve as a rare greening material for oil fields and tidal flat areas. It can also be used to arrange all kinds of flower beds, road medians, open forest grass slopes and so on, and its dwarf habit can be used to make ground cover plants. Let us take a look below at how to grow the large-flowered daylily!

Morphological characteristics of the large-flowered daylily

The large-flowered daylily has relatively short fleshy rhizomes, divided into fleshy roots and fibrous roots. The fleshy roots are spindle-shaped, and the fibrous roots mostly grow on the fleshy roots. It has a short rhizome, with basal leaves arranged in two rows; the leaf blades are linear, about 30-45 cm long and 2-2.5 cm wide. The flower scape rises above the leaves and has branches above; there are 2-4 small flowers, fragrant, with large flowers, short pedicels and large triangular bracts. The corolla is funnel-shaped or campanulate to campanulate, with the lobes curved outward, and the flowering period is July to August. The capsule is elliptical, slightly three-angled, about 2 cm long.

Growth habits of the large-flowered daylily

The large-flowered daylily grows under forest, in wetlands, meadows or grassland at lower altitudes. It is highly cold-resistant, tolerant of full light and also tolerant of semi-shade. It is not demanding about soil, but soil rich in humus with good drainage and permeability is best, and it should be fertilized regularly during the growing season. In the north, the underground tubers must be dug up before frost and stored at a temperature of about 5°C; the optimum temperature for open-field cultivation is 13-17°C. It resists infection by pests and diseases and has strong tolerance for noise and dust.

Propagation methods of the large-flowered daylily

1. Division: When dividing, dig out part of the tillers from the clump to serve as seedlings. The dug-out portion must have roots; cut it apart at the shortened stem, remove the old roots, dead roots and diseased roots, retain the fleshy roots as much as possible, shorten them appropriately, and then plant them. Planting should be done on a sunny day, digging, dividing and planting the seedlings as you go, injuring the roots as little as possible, so that the plants recover quickly. Generally, divide once every 2 to 3 years to ensure vigorous growth of the plants.

2. Sowing: The large-flowered daylily enters its seed collection period around September each year and is sown the following spring. The seedbed should first be given plenty of base fertilizer. The bed is 1.3 to 1.7 m wide and about 30 m long, with drainage ditches dug on both sides. When sowing, open shallow furrows about 3 cm deep every 20 cm, sow the seeds evenly into the furrows, cover with a layer of fine soil, and then spread a thin layer of fine sand. Before emergence, water and weed, and maintain good soil moisture; the seedlings can be lifted and planted in autumn.

3. Bud separation: Flower buds refer to the small plants on the flower stems of the large-flowered daylily. They can be cut from the flower stems, and if they are relatively large, they can be further divided before planting. After transplanting, the flower buds can take root within one week. Rooted flower buds can be used to propagate plants, increasing the number planted and ultimately increasing economic returns.

4. Tissue culture: Use young leaves, filaments, flower scapes and other organs to cultivate plants. The method is to first induce the young organs to produce callus tissue, then use an appropriate culture medium under suitable conditions of temperature, humidity, light and air to cultivate them into small plantlets. The plantlets are then heeled in into nutrient pots, and after a period of cultivation become seedlings, after which they are planted out.

How to grow the large-flowered daylily

1. Planting: The large-flowered daylily is not demanding about soil and can grow normally even on saline-alkali land and gravelly land, but soil rich in humus, with deep soil layers, superior irrigation conditions and good drainage and permeability is best. When preparing the land, apply a certain amount of organic fertilizer, then level it, harrow it fine and make beds; the beds are 2-3 m wide for easy management. Plant in furrows or holes; planting should not be too deep or too shallow, and a plant and row spacing of 30-40 cm is suitable. After planting, cover with soil and firm it, and water thoroughly.

2. Watering: During the entire growth and development period, the large-flowered daylily generally does not need watering if the weather is not very dry, but after spring budding, insufficient soil moisture will affect the number of flowers, so in spring-drought areas it should be watered in a timely manner in spring. During the growing season, give a sufficient water supply and keep the soil loose and moist; otherwise it will affect normal flowering and flower quality.

3. Fertilizing: The large-flowered daylily should be top-dressed in a timely manner starting from the second year after planting, which has a considerable effect on flowering that year. It is best to apply liquid fertilizer 3 times a year: the first time when the new shoots have grown to about 10 cm, the second time when the flower scapes appear, and the third time 10 days after flowering. The large-flowered daylily has a long flowering period and a relatively large demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer at planting (well-rotted cow manure or pig manure is preferable), it should also be fertilized according to the needs of different developmental stages.

4. Weeding: After the large-flowered daylily is planted out, to ensure normal growth of the seedlings, timely cultivating and weeding should be carried out. Weeding is generally divided into two methods: one is to use herbicides to clear the weeds in the field, and the other is to use machinery or hand loosening of the soil to clear the weeds in the field.

5. Pests: Common diseases of the large-flowered daylily include leaf spot, leaf blight, rust, anthracnose and stem blight, while the main pests include red spider mites, aphids, thrips and leaf miners. Use pesticides for control at the appropriate time. For diseases, 75% chlorothalonil 800-fold dilution can be sprayed for control; for pests, Imidacloprid 3000-fold dilution can be sprayed for control.

How to grow the large-flowered daylily

The large-flowered daylily, also known as the large-bracted daylily, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Hemerocallis in the lily family. It has particular tolerance for alkaline soil and can serve as a rare greening material for oil fields and tidal flat areas. It can also be used to arrange all kinds of flower beds, road medians, open forest grass slopes and so on, and its dwarf habit can be used to make ground cover plants. Let us take a look below at how to grow the large-flowered daylily!

Morphological characteristics of the large-flowered daylily

The large-flowered daylily has relatively short fleshy rhizomes, divided into fleshy roots and fibrous roots. The fleshy roots are spindle-shaped, and the fibrous roots mostly grow on the fleshy roots. It has a short rhizome, with basal leaves arranged in two rows; the leaf blades are linear, about 30-45 cm long and 2-2.5 cm wide. The flower scape rises above the leaves and has branches above; there are 2-4 small flowers, fragrant, with large flowers, short pedicels and large triangular bracts. The corolla is funnel-shaped or campanulate to campanulate, with the lobes curved outward, and the flowering period is July to August. The capsule is elliptical, slightly three-angled, about 2 cm long.

Growth habits of the large-flowered daylily

The large-flowered daylily grows under forest, in wetlands, meadows or grassland at lower altitudes. It is highly cold-resistant, tolerant of full light and also tolerant of semi-shade. It is not demanding about soil, but soil rich in humus with good drainage and permeability is best, and it should be fertilized regularly during the growing season. In the north, the underground tubers must be dug up before frost and stored at a temperature of about 5°C; the optimum temperature for open-field cultivation is 13-17°C. It resists infection by pests and diseases and has strong tolerance for noise and dust.

Propagation methods of the large-flowered daylily

1. Division: When dividing, dig out part of the tillers from the clump to serve as seedlings. The dug-out portion must have roots; cut it apart at the shortened stem, remove the old roots, dead roots and diseased roots, retain the fleshy roots as much as possible, shorten them appropriately, and then plant them. Planting should be done on a sunny day, digging, dividing and planting the seedlings as you go, injuring the roots as little as possible, so that the plants recover quickly. Generally, divide once every 2 to 3 years to ensure vigorous growth of the plants.

2. Sowing: The large-flowered daylily enters its seed collection period around September each year and is sown the following spring. The seedbed should first be given plenty of base fertilizer. The bed is 1.3 to 1.7 m wide and about 30 m long, with drainage ditches dug on both sides. When sowing, open shallow furrows about 3 cm deep every 20 cm, sow the seeds evenly into the furrows, cover with a layer of fine soil, and then spread a thin layer of fine sand. Before emergence, water and weed, and maintain good soil moisture; the seedlings can be lifted and planted in autumn.

3. Bud separation: Flower buds refer to the small plants on the flower stems of the large-flowered daylily. They can be cut from the flower stems, and if they are relatively large, they can be further divided before planting. After transplanting, the flower buds can take root within one week. Rooted flower buds can be used to propagate plants, increasing the number planted and ultimately increasing economic returns.

4. Tissue culture: Use young leaves, filaments, flower scapes and other organs to cultivate plants. The method is to first induce the young organs to produce callus tissue, then use an appropriate culture medium under suitable conditions of temperature, humidity, light and air to cultivate them into small plantlets. The plantlets are then heeled in into nutrient pots, and after a period of cultivation become seedlings, after which they are planted out.

How to grow the large-flowered daylily

1. Planting: The large-flowered daylily is not demanding about soil and can grow normally even on saline-alkali land and gravelly land, but soil rich in humus, with deep soil layers, superior irrigation conditions and good drainage and permeability is best. When preparing the land, apply a certain amount of organic fertilizer, then level it, harrow it fine and make beds; the beds are 2-3 m wide for easy management. Plant in furrows or holes; planting should not be too deep or too shallow, and a plant and row spacing of 30-40 cm is suitable. After planting, cover with soil and firm it, and water thoroughly.

2. Watering: During the entire growth and development period, the large-flowered daylily generally does not need watering if the weather is not very dry, but after spring budding, insufficient soil moisture will affect the number of flowers, so in spring-drought areas it should be watered in a timely manner in spring. During the growing season, give a sufficient water supply and keep the soil loose and moist; otherwise it will affect normal flowering and flower quality.

3. Fertilizing: The large-flowered daylily should be top-dressed in a timely manner starting from the second year after planting, which has a considerable effect on flowering that year. It is best to apply liquid fertilizer 3 times a year: the first time when the new shoots have grown to about 10 cm, the second time when the flower scapes appear, and the third time 10 days after flowering. The large-flowered daylily has a long flowering period and a relatively large demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer at planting (well-rotted cow manure or pig manure is preferable), it should also be fertilized according to the needs of different developmental stages.

4. Weeding: After the large-flowered daylily is planted out, to ensure normal growth of the seedlings, timely cultivating and weeding should be carried out. Weeding is generally divided into two methods: one is to use herbicides to clear the weeds in the field, and the other is to use machinery or hand loosening of the soil to clear the weeds in the field.

5. Pests: Common diseases of the large-flowered daylily include leaf spot, leaf blight, rust, anthracnose and stem blight, while the main pests include red spider mites, aphids, thrips and leaf miners. Use pesticides for control at the appropriate time. For diseases, 75% chlorothalonil 800-fold dilution can be sprayed for control; for pests, Imidacloprid 3000-fold dilution can be sprayed for control.