Common Pest and Disease Control Methods for Calla Lilies
Calla lily
Calla lily is also known as arrowhead flower, taro flower, and water taro. Its leaves are emerald green, its flower center is very prominent and white, and its appearance is very distinctive. It likes a moist, sunny living environment and is commonly cultivated in many regions. Its flowering period lasts as long as 6 months, but in the process of growing calla lilies, pest and disease problems are often encountered. Below we will discuss the common pest and disease control methods for calla lilies!
I. Calla Lily Soft Rot
Soft rot and detachment occur on the plant near the soil surface, causing leaf wilt upward and causing spongy soft rot in the fleshy tubers downward, with the roots also rotting, and the whole plant suddenly wilting and dying. When leaf edges are affected, they become soft and wet-rotted. When flower stalks are affected, the flowers turn brown, and the flower stalks become soft-rotted and drop off. It is a bacterial disease.
Control Methods
1. At harvest, remove diseased tubers, treat with 40% formaldehyde 55-fold solution for 1 hour, dry, and then store.
2. When diseased plants are found, pull them out and burn them promptly, and disinfect the soil around the diseased plants with 40% formaldehyde 40-fold solution.
3. Plant tubers no deeper than 5 cm, and avoid excessive watering.
II. Calla Lily Leaf Spot
There are 3 kinds of fungi that cause calla lily leaf spot, among which Phyllosticta is relatively common. In the early stage, the spots on the leaves are small, nearly round, and grayish white, gradually expanding and merging into irregular large areas of rotten spots, sometimes also affecting flowers and flower stalks.
Control Methods
1. Remove diseased leaves and residual bases promptly, and avoid excessive watering. Do not water directly onto the plants.
2. When disease occurs, spray 25% Tilt emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500-fold solution, or 80% Dacotech 500-fold solution, once every 7-15 days, for 2-3 consecutive applications.
III. Calla Lily Root Rot
Symptoms
Root rot mostly occurs when calla lilies are nearing flowering. Generally, the lower or outer leaves of the plant turn brown and wither first, and the disease continuously develops and spreads to the inner leaves. The tops of flowers that have already opened turn brown, and sometimes this browning can extend all the way to the petioles and flower stalks, causing deformed flower form. When the diseased plant is pulled up, many roots can be seen to have already rotted, while the remaining roots show water-soaked soft rot, with only the epidermis left, appearing as hollow tubes. The disease gradually spreads from the absorbing roots to the rhizome, and finally the rhizome becomes spongy and dry-rotted.
Pathogen and disease occurrence pattern: Calla lily root rot is caused by infection by the fungus Phytophthora cryptogea. The pathogen survives in the soil and is a soil-borne disease, referred to as a soil-borne disease.
Control Methods
1. Rhizome disinfection: Thoroughly cut away the diseased spots on the rhizome. After drying, soak in warm water at 50 degrees Celsius for 1 hour, or soak in 1% peracetic acid solution for 10 minutes before planting. Disinfected rhizomes start growing more slowly than untreated ones, so it is best to plant them half a month earlier.
2. Soil disinfection: Diseased soil and pots must be sterilized by heat before reuse. You can also use 70% Thiophanate-methyl wettable powder prepared at 0.4% concentration to spray the soil, but it must be treated before planting.
Calla lily
IV. Calla Lily Viral Disease
Calla lily virus shows two types of symptoms. The mosaic symptom is that the leaves of diseased plants show typical mosaic patterns, with leaves shrinking, twisting, and deforming. The white spot, or ringspot, symptom is the appearance of chlorotic rings or stripes near the leaf veins, leaf twisting, white dots on the pedicels, and light-colored spots on the flower buds with deformed flowers. Mosaic disease can be transmitted by sap and by green peach aphids.
Control Methods
1. Select disease-free mother plants for propagation, and promptly pull out and burn diseased plants found during the growing period.
2. Throughout the entire growing period of calla lilies, use 50% malathion 1000-fold solution or 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate 3000-fold solution to control aphids, thrips, and other virus-transmitting vectors.
V. Pests
Two-spotted spider mite: also known as cotton red spider, its hosts include sunflower, calla lily, Chinese rose, peach, asparagus fern, wintersweet, French marigold, rose of Sharon, rose, and others. The two-spotted spider mite sucks leaf sap on the underside of leaves; in mild cases the leaves turn red as if scorched by fire, and in severe cases the leaves drop.
Control Methods
1. Remove diseased leaves and dispose of them centrally.
2. Spray 40% dicofol 1000-fold solution, or 20% goodhoney 2000-fold solution, or 25% acarus 1500-fold solution.
In daily life, if you do a good job with the basic care and management of calla lilies and provide sufficient watering, fertilization, and light, serious major problems generally will not occur, and when the flowering period arrives they will certainly be dazzling. We hope the introduction in this text can help flower lovers who grow calla lilies.
Introduction to Common Pest and Disease Control Methods for Calla Lilies
Calla lily, also known as water taro and Guanyin lotus, is a perennial herbaceous flower of the Araceae family. Its leaves are emerald green with a distinctive shape, the flower stalks are roughly as long as the leaves, and the flower bracts are white and large, just like a horse's hoof. The flowering period lasts more than 6 months. This article focuses on introducing knowledge about pest and disease prevention for calla lilies, for the reference and study of flower lovers.I. Diseases
1. Calla lily soft rot: Soft rot and detachment occur on the plant near the soil surface, causing leaf wilt upward and causing spongy soft rot in the fleshy tubers downward, with the roots also rotting, and the whole plant suddenly wilting and dying. When leaf edges are affected, they become soft and wet-rotted. When flower stalks are affected, the flowers turn brown, and the flower stalks become soft-rotted and drop off. It is a bacterial disease.
Control methods:
(1) At harvest, remove diseased tubers, treat with 40% formaldehyde 55-fold solution for 1 hour, dry, and then store.
(2) When diseased plants are found, pull them out and burn them promptly, and disinfect the soil around the diseased plants with 40% formaldehyde 40-fold solution.
(3) Plant tubers no deeper than 5 cm, and avoid excessive watering.
2. Calla lily leaf spot: There are 3 kinds of fungi that cause calla lily leaf spot, among which Phyllosticta is relatively common. In the early stage, the spots on the leaves are small, nearly round, and grayish white, gradually expanding and merging into irregular large areas of rotten spots, sometimes also affecting flowers and flower stalks.
Control methods:
(1) Remove diseased leaves and residual bases promptly, and avoid excessive watering. Do not water directly onto the plants.
(2) When disease occurs, spray 25% Tilt emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500-fold solution, or 80% Dacotech 500-fold solution, once every 7-15 days, for 2-3 consecutive applications.
3. Calla lily viral disease: Calla lily virus shows two types of symptoms. The mosaic symptom is that the leaves of diseased plants show typical mosaic patterns, with leaves shrinking, twisting, and deforming. The white spot, or ringspot, symptom is the appearance of chlorotic rings or stripes near the leaf veins, leaf twisting, white dots on the pedicels, and light-colored spots on the flower buds with deformed flowers. Mosaic disease can be transmitted by sap and by green peach aphids.
Control methods:
(1) Select disease-free mother plants for propagation, and promptly pull out and burn diseased plants found during the growing period.
(2) Throughout the entire growing period of calla lilies, use 50% malathion 1000-fold solution or 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate 3000-fold solution to control aphids, thrips, and other virus-transmitting vectors.
4. Calla lily gray mold: The leaves, flower stalks, and flowers of calla lilies can all be affected. When leaves are affected, yellow-green to dark green water-soaked patches appear, gradually expanding, becoming soft and putrid when moist, and gray or earthy yellow mold layers form on the affected parts. After drying, the lesions turn brown and dry up. When flower stalks and petals are affected, they also become water-soaked, discolored, and gradually expand and rot. The pathogen of this disease is a fungus of the genus Botrytis.
Control methods:
To control gray mold, first prevent excessive indoor humidity, strengthen ventilation and air exchange, and promptly remove diseased leaves when found to avoid contact infection. If necessary, chemical control can also be applied: spray 50% carbendazim 500-fold solution or 75% chlorothalonil 500-fold solution.
5. Mosaic disease: This disease is a typical mosaic symptom. The leaves of diseased plants shrink and are obviously deformed and twisted. The flowers of diseased plants are small and may even fail to open normally. The pathogen causing calla lily mosaic disease is taro mosaic virus, whose sap can transmit the virus, and diseased plants cannot be used as propagation material.
II. Pests
Two-spotted spider mite: also known as cotton red spider, its hosts include sunflower, calla lily, Chinese rose, peach, asparagus fern, wintersweet, French marigold, rose of Sharon, rose, and others. The two-spotted spider mite sucks leaf sap on the underside of leaves; in mild cases the leaves turn red as if scorched by fire, and in severe cases the leaves drop.
Control methods:
(1) Remove diseased leaves and dispose of them centrally.
(2) Spray 40% dicofol 1000-fold solution, or 20% goodhoney 2000-fold solution, or 25% acarus 1500-fold solution.
Control methods for red spiders and thrips: spray and kill with 50% ethyl dicofol 1000-fold solution and 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate 4000-fold solution respectively.
Summary: The above is knowledge about pest and disease prevention for calla lilies. We hope it is helpful to flower lovers who grow calla lilies.
Common Pest and Disease Control for Calla Lilies
I. Diseases
1. Calla lily soft rot:Soft rot and detachment occur on the plant near the soil surface, causing leaf wilt upward and causing spongy soft rot in the fleshy tubers downward, with the roots also rotting, and the whole plant suddenly wilting and dying. When leaf edges are affected, they become soft and wet-rotted. When flower stalks are affected, the flowers turn brown, and the flower stalks become soft-rotted and drop off. It is a bacterial disease.
Control methods:
（1）At harvest, remove diseased tubers, treat with 40% formaldehyde 55-fold solution for 1 hour, dry, and then store.
（2）When diseased plants are found, pull them out and burn them promptly, and disinfect the soil around the diseased plants with 40% formaldehyde 40-fold solution.
（3）Plant tubers no deeper than 5 cm, and avoid excessive watering.
2. Calla lily leaf spot:There are 3 kinds of fungi that cause calla lily leaf spot, among which Phyllosticta is relatively common. In the early stage, the spots on the leaves are small, nearly round, and grayish white, gradually expanding and merging into irregular large areas of rotten spots, sometimes also affecting flowers and flower stalks.
Control methods:
（1）Remove diseased leaves and residual bases promptly, and avoid excessive watering. Do not water directly onto the plants.
（2）When disease occurs, spray 25% Tilt emulsifiable concentrate 1000—1500-fold solution, or 80% Dacotech 500-fold solution, once every 7—15 days, for 2—3 consecutive applications.
3. Calla lily viral disease:Calla lily virus shows two types of symptoms. The mosaic symptom is that the leaves of diseased plants show typical mosaic patterns, with leaves shrinking, twisting, and deforming. The white spot, or ringspot, symptom is the appearance of chlorotic rings or stripes near the leaf veins, leaf twisting, white dots on the pedicels, and light-colored spots on the flower buds with deformed flowers. Mosaic disease can be transmitted by sap and by green peach aphids.
Control methods:
（1）Select disease-free mother plants for cultivation, and promptly pull out and burn diseased plants found during the growing period.
（2）Throughout the entire growing period of calla lilies, use 50% malathion 1000-fold solution or 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate 3000-fold solution to control aphids, thrips, and other virus-transmitting vectors.
II. Pests
Two-spotted spider mite:Also known as cotton red spider, its hosts include sunflower, calla lily, Chinese rose, peach, asparagus fern, wintersweet, French marigold, rose of Sharon, rose, and others. The two-spotted spider mite sucks leaf sap on the underside of leaves; in mild cases the leaves turn red as if scorched by fire, and in severe cases the leaves drop.
Control methods:
（1）Remove diseased leaves and dispose of them centrally.
（2）Spray 40% dicofol 1000-fold solution, or 20% goodhoney 2000-fold solution, or 25% acarus 1500-fold solution.