A Detailed Guide to Carnation Cutting Propagation Methods and Precautions
Carnation propagation is also divided into two types: asexual propagation and sexual propagation. However, because carnations have a relatively low seed-setting rate, sexual propagation is rarely used in carnation production. Cutting propagation, on the other hand, produces stable traits and has a high survival rate, so it is widely used in carnation propagation and production.
Carnation
I. Establishment of the stock plant garden for cutting collection
Practice has proven that the stock plants used for collecting cuttings must meet the following conditions: the plants are relatively young in age, have good flowering traits, have a disease incidence index of zero, and the cutting collection position must be strictly controlled above the 6th node. Therefore, establishing a dedicated stock plant garden for cutting collection is very necessary and crucial, and it is also an indispensable part of the modern carnation seedling production process. It is both the prerequisite for producing high-quality seedlings and the foundation for year-round large-scale seedling cultivation.
The stock plants in the cutting collection garden must be tissue-cultured seedlings. The key points of cultivation and management in the stock plant garden are: strengthening soil disinfection, advocating crop rotation, ensuring sufficient base fertilizer, providing rain shelter and shade measures, advocating drip irrigation, and carrying out good pest and disease control.
II. Cutting techniques
1. Selection of cuttings. Select plants that are free of pests and diseases, grow vigorously, and have closely spaced internodes, with 3--4 pairs of expanded leaves and 1 pair of unexpanded leaves, and with a flower bud rate of less than 10% among the group of cuttings.
2. Cutting time. Generally, the hot summer months of July--August should be avoided. The cuttings are required to be of good quality, larger-particle perlite should be used as the cutting medium, the water quality should be good, and the cutting bed should be raised.
3. Collection and insertion of cuttings. The collection of cuttings is generally carried out at the same time as bud thinning of carnations. Cuttings should be collected according to standards. When collecting cuttings, pinch off the buds by hand rather than cutting with scissors, so as to avoid cross-infection by viruses. The base should carry a little cortex from the main stem, but without damaging the mother branch. Keep 4--5 leaves at the top of the cutting, and remove all the rest. After arranging them into bundles, soak them in clean water for 30 minutes so that the cuttings absorb enough water. The cut surface should be close to the internode, and it should be treated with growth regulators in order to increase the survival rate and the rate of marketable seedlings. When inserting, it is appropriate to insert about 1 cm into the medium. In summer, insert deeper, generally 1.5-2 cm. After inserting, spray enough water, and afterward control moisture so it is not too wet, to avoid root rot.
4. Storage of cuttings. Storing cuttings can greatly facilitate year-round seedling cultivation and year-round balanced flower supply, and it also allows batch operations at one time, saving manpower and material resources. Storage requirements: temperature 1--2°C, and the smaller the fluctuation the better, preferably within ±1°C; slightly dehydrate the cuttings before storage; the cuttings should be packaged in ultra-thin plastic film.
5. Cutting management. The cutting bed should have intermittent misting facilities, with the spray volume controlled so that the leaves are just moistened. If there is no misting measure, plastic film should be used as a cover, and after 1 week switch to reed blinds, but do not shade too much, to prevent leggy growth. When the roots of the cuttings reach 1 cm in length, transplant them, taking care to damage the roots as little as possible.
Carnation cutting propagation methods
[Common Questions] Carnation cutting propagation methods
Image: Carnation
[Expert Answer]
1. Establishment of the stock plant garden for cutting collection.Practice has proven that the stock plants used for collecting cuttings must meet the following conditions: the plants are relatively young in age, have good flowering traits, have a disease incidence index of zero, and the cutting collection position must be strictly controlled above the 6th node. Therefore, establishing a dedicated stock plant garden for cutting collection is very necessary and crucial, and it is also an indispensable part of the modern carnation seedling production process. It is both the prerequisite for producing high-quality seedlings and the foundation for year-round large-scale seedling cultivation.
The stock plants in the cutting collection garden must be tissue-cultured seedlings. The key points of cultivation and management in the stock plant garden are: strengthening soil disinfection, advocating crop rotation, ensuring sufficient base fertilizer, providing rain shelter and shade measures, advocating drip irrigation, and carrying out good pest and disease control.
2. Cutting techniques
(1) Selection of cuttings. Select plants that are free of pests and diseases, grow vigorously, and have closely spaced internodes, with 3--4 pairs of expanded leaves and 1 pair of unexpanded leaves, and with a flower bud rate of less than 10% among the group of cuttings.
(2) Cutting time. Generally, the hot summer months of July--August should be avoided. The cuttings are required to be of good quality, larger-particle perlite should be used as the cutting medium, the water quality should be good, and the cutting bed should be raised.
(3) Collection and insertion of cuttings. The collection of cuttings is generally carried out at the same time as bud thinning of carnations. Cuttings should be collected according to standards. When collecting cuttings, pinch off the buds by hand rather than cutting with scissors, so as to avoid cross-infection by viruses. The base should carry a little cortex from the main stem, but without damaging the mother branch. Keep 4--5 leaves at the top of the cutting, and remove all the rest. After arranging them into bundles, soak them in clean water for 30 minutes so that the cuttings absorb enough water. The cut surface should be close to the internode, and it should be treated with growth regulators in order to increase the survival rate and the rate of marketable seedlings. When inserting, it is appropriate to insert about 1 cm into the medium. In summer, insert deeper, generally 1.5-2 cm. After inserting, spray enough water, and afterward control moisture so it is not too wet, to avoid root rot.
(4) Storage of cuttings. Storing cuttings can greatly facilitate year-round seedling cultivation and year-round balanced flower supply, and it also allows batch operations at one time, saving manpower and material resources. Storage requirements: temperature 1--2°C, and the smaller the fluctuation the better, preferably within ±1°C; slightly dehydrate the cuttings before storage; the cuttings should be packaged in ultra-thin plastic film.
(5) Cutting management. The cutting bed should have intermittent misting facilities, with the spray volume controlled so that the leaves are just moistened. If there is no misting measure, plastic film should be used as a cover, and after 1 week switch to reed blinds, but do not shade too much, to prevent leggy growth. When the roots of the cuttings reach 1 cm in length, transplant them, taking care to damage the roots as little as possible.
[Editor's Summary]
Carnation propagation methods are divided into sexual propagation and asexual propagation, but in the planting process, the common one is cutting propagation. The editor of First Farm Economy has introduced carnation cutting propagation methods to you in this article, and hopes it will be helpful to you.
Methods for Carnation Cutting Propagation and Cultivation
Carnation planting field
Carnations are the best words to give to mothers. They are more delicate and shy than roses and more low-key than peonies, making them the most suitable flowers to give to mothers on Mother's Day. Many people grow carnations from seeds, but the success rate of seed propagation is relatively low, so normally, carnations are more suitable for cutting propagation. Below we will explain how to propagate and cultivate carnations by cuttings.
I. Carnation requirements for environmental conditions
1. Carnation requirements for light: Carnations are intermediate-day plants and like sufficient sunlight. Except during the seedling stage and full blooming stage, there is no need to worry about damage from strong light, and supplementary light can increase flower diameter and flower color vividness. Light intensity has a clear positive correlation with cut flower yield per unit area.
2. Carnation requirements for temperature: Carnations like cool conditions and cannot tolerate heat, but can endure a certain degree of low temperature. If the summer temperature is higher than 35°C or the winter temperature is lower than 9°C, growth becomes very slow or even stops. During high-temperature summer periods, corresponding cooling measures should be taken, and in winter plastic film should be used as a cover or the plants should be moved into a greenhouse to maintain an appropriate temperature.
3. Carnation requirements for water: The carnation root system is a fibrous root system. Long-term water accumulation in the soil or medium, excessively high humidity, or long-term high temperatures on the leaf surface are all unfavorable to its normal growth and development. Therefore, drip irrigation is advocated, and attention should also be paid to water quality and the salt content of the water.
4. Carnation requirements for soil: Carnations like soil with good fertilizer retention, aeration, and drainage performance, among which heavy loam is best. The suitable soil pH for their growth is 5.6~6.4. Some soil analysis experiments show that within a pH range of 5.95~7.9, soil organic matter content has no obvious effect on flowering; it mainly depends on soil texture.
II. Carnation cutting propagation methods
Why should carnations be propagated by cuttings? Carnation propagation is divided into two types: asexual propagation and sexual propagation. Because sexual propagation often has a low seed-setting rate, and the offspring from seeds vary greatly in traits and the seedlings grow slowly, it is rarely used in production. In production, asexual propagation is widely used, mainly cutting propagation, whose advantages are abundant cuttings, stable traits, and quick results.
1. Establishment of the carnation stock plant garden for cutting collection: Practice has proven that the stock plants used for collecting cuttings must meet the following conditions: the plants are relatively young in age, have good flowering traits, have a disease incidence index of zero, and the cutting collection position must be strictly controlled above the 6th node. Therefore, establishing a dedicated stock plant garden for cutting collection is very necessary and crucial, and it is also an indispensable part of the modern carnation seedling production process. It is both the prerequisite for producing high-quality seedlings and the foundation for year-round large-scale seedling cultivation. The stock plants in the cutting collection garden must be tissue-cultured seedlings. The key points of cultivation and management in the stock plant garden are: strengthening soil disinfection, advocating crop rotation, ensuring sufficient base fertilizer, providing rain shelter and shade measures, advocating drip irrigation, and carrying out good pest and disease control.
2. Carnation cutting techniques:
Selection of carnation cuttings: Select plants that are free of pests and diseases, grow vigorously, and have closely spaced internodes, with 3~4 pairs of expanded leaves and 1 pair of unexpanded leaves, and with a flower bud rate of less than 10% among the group of cuttings.
Carnation cutting time: Generally, the hot summer months of July~August should be avoided. The cuttings are required to be of good quality, larger-particle perlite should be used as the cutting medium, the water quality should be good, and the cutting bed should be raised.
Collection and insertion of carnation cuttings: The collection of cuttings is generally carried out at the same time as bud thinning of carnations. Cuttings should be collected according to standards. When collecting cuttings, pinch off the buds by hand rather than cutting with scissors, so as to avoid cross-infection by viruses. The base should carry a little cortex from the main stem, but without damaging the mother branch. Keep 4~5 leaves at the top of the cutting, and remove all the rest. After arranging them into bundles, soak them in clean water for 30 minutes so that the cuttings absorb enough water. The cut surface should be close to the internode, and it should be treated with growth regulators in order to increase the survival rate and the rate of marketable seedlings. When inserting, it is appropriate to insert about 1 cm into the medium. In summer, insert deeper, generally 1.5~2 cm. After inserting, spray enough water, and afterward control moisture so it is not too wet, to avoid root rot.
Storage of carnation cuttings: Storing cuttings can greatly facilitate year-round seedling cultivation and year-round balanced flower supply, and it also allows batch operations at one time, saving manpower and material resources. Storage requirements: temperature 1~2°C, and the smaller the fluctuation the better, preferably within ±1°C; slightly dehydrate the cuttings before storage; the cuttings should be packaged in ultra-thin plastic film.
Carnation cutting management: The cutting bed should have intermittent misting facilities, with the spray volume controlled so that the leaves are just moistened. If there is no misting measure, plastic film should be used as a cover, and after 1 week switch to reed blinds, but do not shade too much, to prevent leggy growth. When the roots of the cuttings reach 1 cm in length, transplant them, taking care to damage the roots as little as possible.
Carnation
III. Carnation flower language
Carnations are an excellent cut flower variety, with delicate and colorful flowers, fragrance, and a long flowering period. They are suitable for various flower arrangement needs and are often combined with gladiolus, asparagus fern, asparagus, and ferns to form beautiful bouquets. Dwarf varieties can also be used for potted ornamental display. The flowers can also be used to extract essence. This kind of fresh flower, with its exquisite form, colorful yet elegant appearance, dignified and generous bearing, and delicate fragrance, is becoming increasingly popular around the world with the rise of Mother's Day and has become the flower with the largest global sales volume.
Carnation flower language: passion, charm, love that makes people weak, true affection, Mother I love you, warm blessings, loving you, kindness, motherly love that asks for no return, tolerance, the flower of mothers, deep family affection, longing for family, pure admiration, passionate love, enthusiasm, sadness and regret, greatness, sacredness, consolation, spiritual connection, sincerity, good luck, longing.
Whether for appreciation or as a gift, carnations are a very thought-provoking flower, and the cultivation techniques are not complicated. If you want to grow such a plant, why not cultivate one with your own hands.