A Detailed Guide to Common Diseases of Tuberose and Their Treatment
Tuberose is what we commonly call night-blooming jasmine. Because tuberose has a particularly intense fragrance at night, it is deeply loved by people. However, if tuberose is not managed properly, it is also prone to disease. The editor will introduce the common diseases of tuberose and their treatment methods for you. Friends who like tuberose can learn together.
Tuberose is what we commonly call night-blooming jasmine. Because tuberose has a particularly intense fragrance at night, it is deeply loved by people. However, if tuberose is not managed properly, it is also prone to disease. The editor will introduce the common diseases of tuberose and their treatment methods for you. Friends who like tuberose can learn together.
Tuberose
1. Root-knot nematode larvae attack the roots, often causing stunted growth, dwarfism and yellowing of the plant. Control method: when it occurs, the soil can be drenched with a 1500-fold dilution of 40% omethoate emulsion, or 3% carbofuran can be buried in the potting soil for control.
2. Powdery mildew mainly damages the leaves. Control method: when it occurs, spray a 1000-fold dilution of 50% Yifaling wettable powder. For other control methods, refer to the relevant sections on dahlia and cineraria.
3. Anthracnose. It can be controlled by spraying a 1000-fold dilution of 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder; a 600-fold dilution of 80% anthracnose fumei wettable powder; a 700-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, etc. In normal times, a 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture can be prepared for control.
4. Pests are mainly the yellow-breasted flower thrips and the North China mole cricket. They can be controlled with a 200-300 fold dilution of 10% cyhalothrin emulsion and a 3000-fold dilution of 18% abamectin emulsion; for the North China mole cricket, 45 kg of 5% terbufos granules per hectare can be broadcast as poisoned soil, followed by covering with soil and watering, or a 1000-fold dilution of 50% phoxim emulsion or a 1000-fold dilution of 48% chlorpyrifos emulsion can be used for drench-killing.
Tuberose Polianthes tuberosa Tuberose illustrated guide: how to grow tuberose / how to propagate tuberose
Tuberose profileTuberose Polianthes tuberosa
Aliases: yu xia xiang, xiao ye lai xiang
Classification: perennial herbaceous flower
Family and genus: Plantae, Angiosperms, Monocotyledons, Asparagales, Agavaceae, Polianthes
Full bloom period: summer
Tuberose (scientific name: Polianthes tuberosa), also known as night-blooming jasmine or yu xia xiang, is a perennial bulbous flowering plant of the genus Polianthes in the Amaryllidaceae (or Agavaceae) family. It is a perennial herb with a tuberous rhizome; linear leaves grow in clusters with pointed tips; the flower stem is relatively long, with a raceme at the upper part, bearing white flowers in summer and autumn with a strong fragrance that becomes even stronger at night. Tuberose flowers bloom at night, and in eastern India they are called "Ratkirani", meaning "queen of the night". When planted in the open ground, the flowering period is usually from early July to early November, with peak bloom in August-September...
Tuberose cultivation methods and precautions An introduction to tuberose
Tuberose (scientific name: Polianthes tuberosa), also known as night-blooming jasmine or yu xia xiang, is a perennial bulbous flowering plant of the genus Polianthes in the Amaryllidaceae (or Agavaceae) family. It is a perennial herb with a tuberous rhizome; linear leaves grow in clusters with pointed tips; the flower stem is relatively long, with a raceme at the upper part, bearing white flowers in summer and autumn with a strong fragrance that becomes even stronger at night. Tuberose flowers bloom at night, and in eastern India they are called "Ratkirani", meaning "queen of the night".
When planted in the open ground, the flowering period is usually from early July to early November, with peak bloom in August-September, making it a summer cut-flower species. Because of its strong fragrance, slender flower stems and soft lines, and because planting and flowering-period regulation are easy, it is a very important cut flower and a main filler flower in bouquets, flower arrangements and other applications. Because of its strong fragrance, slender flower stems and soft lines, and because planting and flowering-period regulation are easy, it is a very important cut flower and a main filler flower in bouquets, flower arrangements and other applications.
Morphological characteristics of tuberose
Tuberose, also known as night-blooming jasmine and yue lai xiang. It belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family as a winter-dormant bulbous plant, a perennial bulbous herbaceous flower. It grows about 80 cm tall, with a bulb that is scaly-tuberous (the upper part scaly, the lower part tuberous). The spike-like flower cluster is terminal, with 12-32 flowers per spike; the flowers are white, funnel-shaped and strongly fragrant, with the fragrance becoming stronger at night, hence the name. When planted in the open ground, the flowering period is usually from early July to early November, with peak bloom in August-September, making it a summer cut-flower species. It grows about 80 cm tall, with basal leaves that are lanceolate and slightly reddish at the base, and the stem leaves are short and small. The spike is bear ing paired flowers 12-18 in number, opening successively from bottom to top; the flowers are white, funnel-shaped and fragrant, stronger at night, hence the name ye lai xiang. The scape is erect, 40-90 cm tall; the flowers are opposite, white, arranged in a relatively long spike, strongly fragrant, with the fragrance stronger at night; the perianth tube is slender with 6 lobes shorter than the tube; there are double-flowered varieties with a lighter fragrance, flowering from July to October. The fruit is a capsule. Tuberose self-pollinates, but because the pistil matures later than the stamens, the natural seed-setting rate is very low, and under ordinary cultivation it does not set seed. It blooms from May to November. Capsule. Cultivated varieties include two types, white-flowered and light purple-flowered: the white-flowered type is mostly single-flowered with a stronger fragrance; the light purple-flowered type is mostly double-flowered, with about 40 flowers per inflorescence.
A winter-dormant bulbous plant, evergreen in its place of origin, with a scaly-tuberous bulb (the upper part scaly, the lower part tuberous).
Ecological habits of tuberose
Tuberose is native to South America, where it is an evergreen herb; when temperatures are suitable it grows year-round and flowers in all seasons, but most abundantly in summer. When cultivated in the open ground in China, because winter is severely cold in most regions, it can only be grown as a spring-planted bulb: it sprouts and grows in spring, flowers in summer and autumn, and goes dormant in winter (forced dormancy). It likes a warm, humid, sunny environment and is not tolerant of frost; the most suitable growing temperature is 25-30°C during the day and 20-22°C at night. It likes fertilizer and moisture but dislikes waterlogging, and grows well in low-lying but non-waterlogged spots. It is not demanding about soil, and fertile clay loam is suitable. Tuberose self-pollinates, but because the pistil matures later than the stamens, the natural seed-setting rate is very low. Flower bud differentiation takes place during the growth period in late spring and early summer; this period requires a minimum temperature of about 20°C, but it is also related to the nutritional status of the bulb. It has oblong tubers borne on a short, thick tuber. The flowers are white, strongly fragrant, especially at night. The flowering period is summer and autumn. There are double-flowered types. Flower bud differentiation takes place during the growth period in late spring and early summer; this period requires a minimum temperature of about 20°C, but it is also related to the nutritional status of the bulb. Generally, bulbs with a mass greater than 11 g can all flower in the same year; otherwise they do not flower that year. It is not demanding about soil texture, and clay loam is suitable; it is relatively sensitive to soil moisture and likes fertile, moist but non-waterlogged soil. During drought, the leaf edges curl upward and the flower buds shrink, making them difficult to open. Tuberose's flowering period is relatively easy to control. Plant the bulbs in a high-temperature greenhouse, keep plenty of sunlight and air circulation, and pay attention to care and management, and they can flower in just over 2 months. For example: if planted in February, they can flower in May-June.
Variety classification of tuberose
There are 12 species in the same genus as tuberose, but only tuberose is cultivated and used, and there are not many varieties, mainly the following:
(1) Albino: a single-flowered variety formed by bud mutation, with pure white flowers;
(2) Dwarf pearl: a dwarf variety;
(3) Var.flore-pleno Hort: a double-flowered variety;
(4) Mexican early bloomi: a single-flowered, early-maturing variety that flowers year-round, most abundantly in autumn;
(5) Pearl: a double-flowered variety, with stems 75-80 cm tall, short inflorescences, many densely packed flowers and a short corolla tube;
(6) Tall double: a large-flowered double variety with long flower stems;
(7) Variegale: leaves long and curved, with golden-yellow stripes.
Distribution range of tuberose
Native to Mexico and South America, it was introduced and cultivated in China very early, and is now cultivated everywhere. It is suitable for planting in a warm, sunny environment and is relatively cold-tolerant.
Propagation methods of tuberose
Bulb division propagation is mostly used. After the aboveground part withers in late November, dig out the underground stems and remove the shrunken old bulbs. Generally, each clump can be divided into 5-6 mature bulbs and 10-30 small bulbs, which are dried and stored in a dry place indoors. Divide the bulbs in spring; when planting, plant the large and small bulbs separately. Usually small bulbs can flower after one year of cultivation. Large bulbs used for cut-flower production should have a diameter of more than 2.5 cm. Small bulbs can grow into large flowering bulbs after 1-2 years of cultivation.
Cultivation techniques of tuberose
Usually planted in April-May; the bulbs are first given a 10-15 day moist treatment at 25°C-30°C before planting. Large and small bulbs, as well as old bulbs that flowered last year (commonly called "lao can"), should be planted separately. For large bulbs, the plant and row spacing is 20 cm × 25 cm (or 30 cm); for small bulbs, 10 cm × 15 cm or denser; the planting depth should be slightly shallower than for other bulbs, but it also varies with the cultivation purpose, soil properties and bulb size. Usually "deep planting for bulbs, shallow planting for scapes", that is, deep planting is beneficial to the growth and enlargement of the bulb, while shallow planting is beneficial to flowering. Generally, when planting large bulbs, it is suitable for the bud tip to be slightly exposed above the ground; when planting small bulbs and "can" bulbs, it is suitable for the bud tip to be below or level with the soil surface. Tuberose emerges slowly, taking more than 1 month, but grows quickly after emergence. Therefore, in the early planting stage, because the seedlings are small and have few leaves, watering need not be excessive; when the flower stem is about to emerge and before flowering, it should be watered fully and the soil kept moist frequently. Tuberose likes fertilizer and should be top-dressed frequently: generally once 1 month after planting, once before flowering, and then once every 1.5 or 2 months; in the rainy season, pay attention to drainage and lodging of the flower stems. Before the frost at the end of autumn, dig out the bulbs, dry them slightly, remove the soil and fibrous roots, and thinly cut off a layer from the bottom of the bulb so that white is exposed; continue drying until dry, then braid the remaining leaf clusters into a braid and hang it in a warm, dry place for storage over winter. Alternatively, use the method of fumigation with a stove: hang the bulbs indoors and place a stove below for fumigation. Initially keep the room temperature at 25°C-26°C so that the moisture inside the bulb gradually decreases until the outer skin becomes dry and wrinkled, then lower the temperature to 15°C-20°C until they are taken out the following spring. After fumigation, the bulbs can be fully dried, thereby forcing them into complete dormancy, which is beneficial to growth and flower bud differentiation after planting the following spring. Some also dry the bulbs and pile them in a dry, sunny cellar, covering them in layers with straw and soil and pressing them down tightly, burying them over winter; or plant them continuously for 2-3 years and then dig them up and replant, but the flowering quality is poor and the flowering period is irregular.
[Cultivation management] The planting site should be prepared and base fertilizer applied, and large and small bulbs as well as old bulbs that flowered last year should be planted separately. For large bulbs, the plant spacing is 25 cm; for small bulbs, about 10 cm. The planting depth is shallower than for other bulbs; for large bulbs it is suitable for the bud tip to be slightly exposed above the soil surface, while for small bulbs and old bulbs the bud tip should be below the soil surface. Old bulbs flowered last year and can no longer flower; they only produce many thin, pointed small bulbs around them. "Deep planting for bulbs, shallow planting for scapes" is the principle followed for tuberose planting depth. In the early planting stage, because the seedlings are small and have few leaves, water need not be too much; when the scape is about to emerge, give sufficient water and top-dressing; only after the scape emerges can a more concentrated liquid fertilizer be applied. In summer, special attention should be paid to watering, keeping the soil moist frequently. After the aboveground part withers, in the Jiangnan region leaves or dry grass are often used as mulch to prevent freezing, and it overwinters in the open ground. But it is best to dig up the bulbs, dry them slightly, remove the soil, braid the remaining leaf clusters into a braid, continue drying until dry, and hang them in a warm, dry place to store over winter; keeping the room temperature above 4°C is sufficient. Tuberose can also be grown in pots, and pot cultivation can be used for forcing. Plant the bulbs in late November and keep them in a high-temperature greenhouse, and they can flower as early as April-May; for home flower growing, forcing is inconvenient.
Precautions
[Fertilization] Tuberose likes fertilizer and should be top-dressed frequently: generally once 1 month after planting, once before flowering, and then once every 1.5 or 2 months; in the rainy season, pay attention to drainage and lodging of the flower stems. Before the frost at the end of autumn, dig out the bulbs, dry them slightly, remove the soil and fibrous roots, and thinly cut off a layer from the bottom of the bulb so that white is exposed; continue drying until dry, then braid the remaining leaf clusters into a braid and hang it in a warm, dry place for storage over winter. Alternatively, use the method of fumigation with a stove: hang the bulbs indoors and place a stove below for fumigation.
[Care] "Deep planting for bulbs, shallow planting for scapes" is the principle followed for tuberose planting depth. In the early planting stage, because the seedlings are small and have few leaves, water need not be too much; when the scape is about to emerge, give sufficient water and top-dressing; only after the scape emerges can a more concentrated liquid fertilizer be applied. In summer, special attention should be paid to watering, keeping the soil moist frequently. After the aboveground part withers, in the Jiangnan region leaves or dry grass are often used as mulch to prevent freezing, and it overwinters in the open ground. But it is best to dig up the bulbs, dry them slightly, remove the soil, braid the remaining leaf clusters into a braid, continue drying until dry, and hang them in a warm, dry place to store over winter; keeping the room temperature above 4°C is sufficient. Tuberose can also be grown in pots, and pot cultivation can be used for forcing. Plant the bulbs in late November and keep them in a high-temperature greenhouse, and they can flower as early as April-May; for home flower growing, forcing is inconvenient.
Disease control of tuberose
1. Root-knot nematode larvae attack the roots, often causing stunted growth, dwarfism and yellowing of the plant.
Control method: when it occurs, the soil can be drenched with a 1500-fold dilution of 40% omethoate emulsion, or 3% carbofuran can be buried in the potting soil for control.
2. Powdery mildew mainly damages the leaves.
Control method: when it occurs, spray a 1000-fold dilution of 50% Yifaling wettable powder. For other control methods, refer to the relevant sections on dahlia and cineraria.
3. Anthracnose.
It can be controlled by spraying a 1000-fold dilution of 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder; a 600-fold dilution of 80% anthracnose fumei wettable powder; a 700-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, etc. In normal times, a 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture can be prepared for control.
4. Pests are mainly the yellow-breasted flower thrips and the North China mole cricket, yellow-breasted flower thrips
They can be controlled with a 200-300 fold dilution of 10% cyhalothrin emulsion and a 3000-fold dilution of 18% abamectin emulsion; for the North China mole cricket, 45 kg of 5% terbufos granules per hectare can be broadcast as poisoned soil, followed by covering with soil and watering, or a 1000-fold dilution of 50% phoxim emulsion or a 1000-fold dilution of 48% chlorpyrifos emulsion can be used for drench-killing.
Landscape uses of tuberose
Tuberose is an important bulbous flower for courtyard flower beds and flower borders, and is also suitable for mass planting, clump planting among lawns or flowering shrubs, and accenting beside roadside stones. The leaf clusters and flower branches are elegant and graceful; at night, the pure white, delicate flowers are especially fragrant, making them an indispensable material in night garden arrangements. Tuberose is also an important cut flower, and the vase life can last about 10 days; in cut-flower decoration it is often paired with gladiolus, and in bouquets, flower baskets and vase flowers it is both colorful and fragrant; dwarf varieties are suitable for potted ornamental display.
Uses and purposes of tuberose Flower uses
Besides ornamental use and mosquito repellence, the flowers of tuberose can be used to extract essential oil. The leaves, flowers and fruits are used as medicine to clear the liver and brighten the eyes, draw out toxins and promote tissue regeneration.
Tuberose has emerald leaves and plain stems, jade-like grace, a fragrant body and pure cleanliness, with a subtle fragrance overflowing, making people forget the summer heat in July and feel relaxed and happy.
Tuberose is a raw material for extracting essence. The main components of tuberose concrete include geraniol, nerol, neryl acetate, methyl benzoate, methyl anthranilate, benzyl alcohol, farnesol, eugenol and tuberone, etc.; used in food, it can give food a unique tuberose aroma.
Tuberose tastes slightly sweet and bland, and is cool in nature. It clears heat and detoxifies, and is mainly used for carbuncles, sores and swellings.
Tuberose has long flower stems and a long flowering period, making it an important material for cut flowers and also a beautiful flower for arranging flower beds.
Medicinal or dietary therapeutic value of tuberose
The medical information and health dietary therapy information on Huhua.com is for reference only and cannot be used as a basis for diagnosis or medical treatment. Any health problem should be consulted with professional medical staff, and the treatment of any disease should follow a doctor's advice.
Ultimate flower-protecting task: love yourself, start from reality, and strictly follow a doctor's advice. For illness, do not be careless, do not delay, do not give up hope, face it bravely, warm the silent world with love, and care for the flower field in your heart with your heart.
The medical content on Huhua.com is for reference only and cannot be regarded as professional advice. Any health problem should be consulted with professional medical staff.
Medicinal information (1)
[Chinese name] Tuberose
[Pinyin] Wanxiangyu
[English name] Tuberose
[Latin scientific name] Polianthes tuberosa Linn.
[Family and genus classification] Amaryllidaceae, genus Polianthes
[Plant morphology] Perennial herb, up to 1 m tall. It has a tuberous rhizome; the stem is erect and unbranched. Basal leaves 6-9 in clusters, linear, 40-60 cm long, about 1 cm wide, with pointed tips, dark green; the leaves on the flower stem are scattered and gradually become smaller upward, bract-like. The spike is terminal, with 2 flowers in each bract, and the bracts are green; the flowers are opposite, milky white, strongly fragrant; 3.5-7 cm long; the perianth tube is 2.5-4 cm long and slightly curved at the base; the perianth lobes are 6, oblong-lanceolate, 1.2-2 cm long, obtuse; stamens 6, inserted in the perianth tube, included; ovary inferior, 3-locular, style slender, stigma 3-lobed. Capsule ovoid, with a persistent perianth at the tip; seeds numerous, slightly flattened. Flowering period July-September.
[Habitat and distribution] Commonly cultivated in gardens throughout China. Native to Mexico.
[Medicinal part] The roots are used as medicine. Chinese medicine name: tuberose.
[Harvesting and processing] In September-October, dig out the bulbs, cut off the roots, wash clean and dry in the sun.
[Main components] The roots contain about 1.8% sapogenins, mainly tigogenin, hecogenin and 9-dehydrohecogenin. The flowers contain 0.08%-0.14% volatile oil, among which the main components are geraniol, nerol, farnesol, syringol and methyl o-aminobenzoate.
[Nature, flavor and function] Sweet, bland, cool. Clears heat and detoxifies.
[Indications and usage] Carbuncles, sores and swellings. External use: appropriate amount, pounded and applied.
Functions and indications
Mainly used for acute conjunctivitis, keratitis, corneal opacity, boils and traumatic erosion.
Chemical components of the Chinese medicine
The roots contain about 1.8% sapogenins, mainly tigogenin, hecogenin and 9-dehydrohecogenin. The flowers contain 0.08%-0.14% volatile oil, among which the main components are geraniol, nerol, farnesol, syringol and methyl o-aminobenzoate.
Cultural background of tuberose
Legend
According to legend, in ancient times there was a handsome young man surnamed Zhang whose flute playing was so beautiful that he was famous far and near. On a summer evening with a very beautiful moon, the young man leaned against a tree and played the flute. Just as he was playing happily, suddenly a purple cloud floated near above him, and a beautiful fairy gracefully descended from the clouds. The fairy said she was an envoy of the moon palace, and that Chang'e had heard his flute playing and specially ordered her to come down to ask for the musical score. The flute player gladly gave it to her.
After Chang'e obtained the score, she ordered the musicians in the moon palace to play it. In her joy, to express her thanks, she again ordered the same fairy to descend to the mortal world and invite the young man to the moon palace. The young man suddenly felt attachment to the mortal world, so he asked the fairy to delay one day before going to the moon palace. The fairy did not agree, and only pulled out the jade hairpin from her hair and gave it to him as a keepsake. When she threw it to him, the young man failed to catch it, and the jade hairpin fell to the ground, but no matter how he searched he could not find it. As a result, the jade hairpin turned into a flower, while the young man remained in the mortal world, and this flower not only gives off fragrance at night, but especially under the bright moonlight its fragrance is the richest, and so it is tuberose.
The flower language of tuberose
The flower language of tuberose is dangerous pleasure, because tuberose only gives off its rich fragrance at night, so it is called tuberose. Because this fragrance is too strong, it can make people feel short of breath, so tuberose is generally not placed indoors; therefore, its flower language is: dangerous pleasure.
Tuberose pictures
"Beauty" that can be eaten, smelled and used as medicine
Nowadays, as the call to "return to nature" grows louder, natural edible flowers have become a target that consumers "chase".
According to experts, there are many flowers in China that can be eaten, and more than 50 kinds are commonly used at present. Health foods, fragrant oils, spices and medicines made from processed flowers can produce relatively high benefits, and their development and utilization value is very great.
Flower fragrance can not only be smelled, but also eaten. Fragrant oils extracted from the petals of white magnolia, rose, jasmine, lilac, osmanthus, night-blooming jasmine, chrysanthemum, tuberose, orchid tree and Chinese rose can, after refining, be made into edible oil and spice oil. According to statistics, among all kinds of flowers, about 40% of fresh flowers are fragrant and can be used to develop and make edible fragrant oil.
Flower beverages are a new type of product that has risen rapidly in recent years. In addition to the common chrysanthemum dew and osmanthus dew, flower raw materials favored by the beverage industry also include white orchid, Chinese rose, camellia, white peony, red peony, loofah flower, pumpkin flower and chive flower, among which beverages made from many of these flowers have good auxiliary therapeutic effects on various diseases.
The nutritional value and medical effects of pollen are increasingly valued by people. Ge Hong, a famous medical scientist of the Jin Dynasty, recorded in Baopuzi that in the mountains of Li County, Nanyang, there was Gangu, and the sweet chrysanthemums growing in the valley fell into the water year after year; the residents who drank it all lived long, and those suffering from wind-arthralgia and dizziness were all cured after drinking Gangu water. Ge Hong's account shows that pollen, after processing, can achieve definite therapeutic effects. Modern medical research has found that in addition to providing all the raw materials for the body's growth and repair, pollen also contains a large amount of bioactive substances that can play an important regulatory role in maintaining the normal physiological functions of various tissues and organs of the body. In addition, pollen has good preventive and therapeutic effects on diseases of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems, etc. Therefore, vigorously developing pollen products has immeasurable value for fitness and disease prevention.
Pollen can also be made directly into food; for example, loofah flowers, pumpkin flowers, winter melon flowers and pea flowers are all beautiful and delicious delicacies. In a hotel in Savoie, France, called "Auberge Elizabeth", flower delicacies such as wild sesame flowers, bee balm flowers, lovage flowers and mallow flowers were once used to entertain the President of France, and the hotel's chef was therefore named "King of French Cuisine".