Detailed Explanation of the Functions and Characteristics of Commonly Used Pesticides for Orchid Pest and Disease Control

The sauna-like weather is truly unbearable. After “Saomai” came “Wukong.” The typhoon weather is extremely hot and humid, bringing severe disasters to the Wenzhou area. Floods rushed into houses and destroyed fertile farmland. Combined with a Category 17 typhoon, the drought in Sichuan and Chongqing is severe, with continuous high temperatures. The autumn tiger has come fiercely, and the weather is abnormal.

OrchidsAre likewise suffering through the sauna-like weather, and various cases are inevitably occurring. In high-temperature and high-humidity environments, favorable conditions are provided for the growth and reproduction of viruses, pathogenic bacteria, and pests.OrchidsPests and diseasesPrevention and control is an important task in growing orchids. In prevention and control work, prevention must be the main approach, with integrated control. In addition to the relationships among temperature, humidity, light, and air, it is necessary to further understand the functions and characteristics of various commonly used pesticides. Let us first talk about insecticides. Omethoate 40% emulsifiable concentrate, target pests include scale insects, etc. Its characteristics are broad-spectrum, stomach poison, and contact action. The method of use is spraying. Phoxim 50% emulsifiable concentrate, target pests are highly effective against lepidopteran larvae and also control many other pests. Its characteristics include stomach poison and contact action, but it is easily photodegraded. The method of use is spraying, preferably applied on cloudy days or in the evening. Trichlorfon 90% crystals, target pests include lepidopteran larvae, underground pests, etc. Its characteristics are high efficiency and low toxicity, with strong stomach poison action. The method of use is spraying. Dichlorvos 50% and 80% emulsifiable concentrates, target pests include lepidopteran larvae, aphids, mites, etc. Its characteristics are broad-spectrum, highly effective, fast-acting, and short residual effect, with stomach poison, contact, and fumigant actions. The method of use is spraying. Carbofuran 3% granules. Target pests are aphids, underground pests, and nematodes. Its characteristics are broad-spectrum systemic insecticidal action, with stomach poison and contact action. The method of use is substrate treatment. Fenvalerate 20% emulsifiable concentrate, target pests include lepidopteran larvae, aphids, and many other pests. Its characteristics are broad-spectrum, highly effective insecticidal action and strong contact action. The method of use is spraying. The above are several commonly used insecticidal pesticides. Next, let us talk about fungicides. Benlate 50% wettable powder. Target diseases include anthracnose, southern blight, leaf spot, etc. Its characteristics are systemic fungicidal action, protection, and treatment. The method of use is spraying, root drenching, or substrate treatment. Carbendazim 50% wettable powder. Target diseases include anthracnose, southern blight, black spot, phytophthora blight, gray mold, and damping-off. Its characteristics are broad-spectrum systemic action, high efficiency and low toxicity, with preventive and therapeutic effects. The method of use is spraying. Thiophanate-methyl 50% and 70% wettable powders. Target diseases include anthracnose, leaf spot, flower rot, brown spot, etc. Its characteristics are broad-spectrum, with efficacy 1/3--1/2 higher than thiophanate-ethyl. The method of use is spraying. Oxadixyl 64% wettable powder. Target diseases include phytophthora blight, rot, and leaf spot. Its characteristics include protective, systemic, and therapeutic actions. The method of use is spraying. Difenoconazole 10% wettable powder. Target diseases include anthracnose and leaf spot. Its characteristics are systemic. The method of use is spraying. Chlorothalonil 75% wettable powder. Target diseases include anthracnose, phytophthora blight, damping-off, leaf spot, and rust. Its characteristics are a broad-spectrum protective fungicide with therapeutic and fumigant actions and relatively long persistence. The method of use is spraying. Iprodione 50% wettable powder. Target diseases include phytophthora blight, damping-off, southern blight, gray mold, and fusarium wilt. Its characteristics are a broad-spectrum contact fungicide. The method of use is spraying. Zineb 80% wettable powder. Target diseases include anthracnose, phytophthora blight, leaf spot, etc. Its characteristics are a broad-spectrum protective fungicide. The method of use is spraying. Yekuling 25% wettable powder. Target diseases include anthracnose and leaf spot. Its characteristics include protective and systemic actions. The method of use is spraying. Bordeaux mixture half-strength formula (1:0.5:200). Target diseases include various fungal and bacterial diseases. Its characteristics are a protective fungicide. The method of use is spraying or soaking. Kocide 77% wettable powder. Target diseases include fungal and bacterial diseases. Its characteristics are a preventive and protective fungicide, used before disease onset or in the early stages. The method of use is spraying. Copper ammonia complex 25% aqueous solution. Target diseases include fungal and bacterial diseases. Its characteristics are a broad-spectrum fungicide containing multiple trace elements. The method of use is spraying or root drenching. Nongkang 120 2% aqueous solution. Target diseases include various pathogenic bacteria. Its characteristics are broad-spectrum fungicidal and antibacterial action. The method of use is spraying. Agricultural streptomycin 15%-20% powder. Target diseases include various bacterial diseases. Its characteristics are broad-spectrum bactericidal action and the ability to penetrate and translocate within plants. The method of use is spraying. Kasugamycin-copper 50% wettable powder. Target diseases include phytophthora blight, leaf spot, downy mildew, and other fungal diseases and bacterialsoft rotdiseases, etc. Its characteristics are broad-spectrum and systemic antibacterial action. The method of use is spraying.