What are antibiotic and carbamate pesticides?

① Streptomycin: 12.5% streptomycin solution. This agent is effective against diseases caused by bacteria, and is especially effective in controlling Eruimia spp. in Chinese orchids. This agent must not be mixed with alkaline pesticides or fertilizers. Chinese orchid plants have a relatively low tolerance to this agent, and excessive concentration easily causes phytotoxicity, with symptoms of leaf margins turning white, which occurs most easily when applied during high-temperature periods. This agent is an antibiotic pesticide; if applied continuously too many times or too frequently, bacterial pathogens easily develop resistance to it, and the killing effect cannot be achieved. If Chinese orchid plants are infected with bacterial diseases, two to three different formulations of pesticides that are effective against bacterial pathogens should be selected and used in rotation, so as to avoid wasted effort. ② Duobao streptomycin: 50% methyl thiophanate and 18.8% streptomycin mixed to form 68.8% wettable powder. It is effective in controlling the bacterial disease Erunia spp. and the fungal disease Colltotouicum spp. When used during high-temperature summer periods or with improper dilution ratios, it is most likely to cause phytotoxicity. If used continuously many times, its control effect will decrease due to the development of resistance. When using this agent as a pesticide for controlling bacterial diseases, it should be used in rotation with other pesticides effective against bacterial pathogens; this agent must not be mixed with alkaline pesticides or fertilizers. Carbamate agents: ① Benomyl: 50% benomyl wettable powder. It has both preventive and therapeutic effects, and is effective against diseases caused by R-hizoctonia solani. It can be mixed with many pesticides and fertilizers. ② Metalaxyl: 50% wettable powder, a systemic pesticide. It has penetrating and translocating properties; after spraying, it can be absorbed by the root system and translocated to the leaf parts. If the dilution ratio is too high or the application frequency is too close, resistance is easily developed. This agent is a broad-spectrum fungicide, with preventive and therapeutic effects against many diseases; after spraying, it can translocate upward from the root system, controlling diseases caused by PhytoPhthoua spp. When applying this agent, it must not be mixed with fertilizers or plant growth regulators; improper dilution ratios or frequent application can cause growth inhibition of new shoots.