What impact do pathogens and insect damage have on crops?

All living things are subject to damage from various pathogens or insect feeding, and Chinese orchids (Cymbidium) are certainly no exception. During the process of growth and development, when encountering various abnormal environmental influences from outside or damage from pathogens and insects, the internal chemical substances of the Chinese orchid itself undergo abnormal changes, physiological reactions become disordered, and the abilities of metabolic flow and storage are severely hindered. The plant body of the Chinese orchid becomes uncoordinated and irregularly utilizes its own existing nutrients, affecting the subsequent growth of the Chinese orchid. The occurrence of disease has a definite source: the pathogen first reaches the plant body, causing the plant body to become infected and develop disease. The reasons why the plant body becomes subject to infection sources are roughly closely related tocultivationnegligence in management and operations. They generally come from seedling propagation material, media, tools, equipment, water, air, and other means of transmission, existing as dormant bodies at this source and waiting for an opportunity to cause harm. When the appropriate time and sufficient nutrient source arrive, they will invade the plant body and infect it. And they multiply, spread, and grow in large numbers, causing disease symptoms to appear and severely harming the plant body. The types of diseases that can cause Chinese orchid diseases can be divided into non-biological, such as media, temperature, light, air, moisture, nutrient elements, and human factors, which cause abnormal changes in the Chinese orchid plant body, affecting the reproduction and growth of the plant. Biological infectious diseases can be divided into: (a) filterable viruses, such as Odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) and Cymbidium mosaic virus (CyMV). (b) bacteria such assoft rotdisease and bacterial brown spot disease. (c) fungi such as Phycomycetes - Phytophthora disease - Ascomycetes - powdery mildew. Basidiomycetes - southern blight, sclerotium disease, root rot; Deuteromycetes - anthracnose, leaf spot disease, tip burn disease, etc. (d) nematodes and other four major categories.