How to fertilize Chinese orchids in the north? Master the correct fertilization method

Although Chinese orchids have a modest demand for mineral elements, these are indispensable, because mineral elements are components of certain parts of Chinese orchids, such as nitrogen being an important component of proteins, phosphorus being a component of the cell nucleus, and so on. If a certain element is lacking, growth will be poor, and the plant may even slowly die. According to the analysis of Jianorchidafter analysis: the nitrogen content of the plant was 12.7%, the phosphorus pentoxide content was 0.29%, and the potassium oxide content was 1.10%. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents of roots, pseudobulbs and leaves are as shown in the table: As shown in the table above, the amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium per single plant are very small, especially in the Yuhudie group, where the average per-plant content of the four varieties was only 0.188 grams of nitrogen, only 0.043 grams of phosphorus pentoxide, and only 0.163 grams of potassium oxide. In one year, "from sprout to mature plant" the fertilizer requirement is not large, but the applied fertilizer cannot all be utilized. According to investigations of crops, the utilization rate of nitrogen and potassium is around 30%. In addition, the authorgrowing orchidsThe growing medium is granular media such as emperor stone, volcanic stone and water slag, and the combined amount is small. In view of this situation, the method of fertilizing with watering was chosen, that is, water and fertilizer together. Soybeans (containing 5.3% nitrogen, 1.0% phosphorus, 1.3% potassium) or soybean cake (containing 6.5% nitrogen, 1.5% phosphorus, 1.7% potassium) and sesame cake (containing 5.8% nitrogen, 3.0% phosphorus, 1.3% potassium), sometimes with a small amount of bone meal (containing 4.05% nitrogen, 22.8% phosphorus, 1.93% potassium), animal hoof (containing 14.5% nitrogen, 0.20% phosphorus, 0.30% potassium), human hair (containing 14.0% nitrogen, 0.08% phosphorus, 0.07% potassium), etc., are composted to make a nitrogen-based mother liquor to supplement nitrogen fertilizer; potassium dihydrogen phosphate (K 33%, P2O5 51%) is used to supplement phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, formulated into fertilizer water containing three to four parts per ten thousand of nitrogen and slightly less potassium than nitrogen, for irrigation. Trace elements are supplemented with the Dutch product "Kangpei No. 1". To make up for the shortcomings of Kangpei No. 1, another vat is used to compost miscellaneous materials, such as organic-acid-containing fruits (wild jujube, hawthorn, sour pomegranate, etc.), fruit peels (apple peel, pear peel, watermelon peel, tomato peel, etc.), rice-washing water, etc., which both regulates trace elements and adjusts pH. Except in winter, when Chinese orchids need less fertilizer and the fertilization amount is reduced, and when the growth rate is fast, the fertilization amount is increased (nitrogen increased to six parts per ten thousand, with phosphorus and potassium increased accordingly), this proportion of fertilizer water is basically used for irrigation year-round. (Wang Tao, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences)